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surgery > stomach > Flashcards

stomach Flashcards

1
Q

gastric layes

A

serosa
muscular
submucosa
mucosa

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2
Q

glandular layer of stomach

A

mucosa

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3
Q

holding layer of the stomach

A

submucosa

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4
Q

contribute to collagen production

A

smooth muscle cells

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5
Q

fasting prior to stomach sx

A

8-12 hours

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6
Q

given this to keep acidity in stomach lower prior to sx

A

H2 antagonists

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7
Q

surgical approach for the stomach

A

dorsal recumbency

ventral midline celiotomy

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8
Q

this ligament has its own blood supply and will need ligated when doing an abdominal surgery or exploratory

A

falciform ligament

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9
Q

instrument used for visualization in the abdominal exploratory

A

balfour retractors

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10
Q

tradition closure of the stomach

A

double inverting - cushing pattern with submucosa, serosa and muscularis

oversewn with lambert

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11
Q

what situations would you use a single layer closure on the stomach

A

pyloric outflow tract
reduced gastric volume
thickened gastric wall

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12
Q

suture material used in gastric closure

A

must resist degradation for 14 days
monofilament nonabsorbable

avoid braided - bacteria

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13
Q

most common indication for gastrotomy

A

gastric foreign bodies

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14
Q

what 3 conditions predispose PICA

A

iron deficiency
hepatic encephalopathy
pancreatic exocrine insufficiency

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15
Q

DX of choice to see gastric FB

A

rads (serial before sx - item may move)

u/s are not 100% because gas in stomach can shadow items

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16
Q

emetic in dogs

A

apomorphine

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17
Q

emetic in cats

A

xylazine

18
Q

T/F
make gastrotomy incision in hypervascular area on the ventral aspect of the stomach between the greater and lesser curvature

A

FALSE - HYPOvascular

all the rest of the statement is correct

19
Q

lavage after gastrotomy with sterile saline at what temp

A

98.6 - 102.2

20
Q

after closing the gastrotomy site what should be done before abdominal closure

A

change gloves and instruments

21
Q

after gastrotomy - animals should have food and water within ___ hours

A

12 hours

22
Q

congenital pyloric stenosis is common in what dog breeds

A

brachycephalics

*also siamese cats

23
Q

when do clinical signs appear for congenital pyloric stenosis dogs

A

at weaning

24
Q

what is congenital pyloric stenosis

A

hypertrophy of the circular muscles of the pylorus – may be due to increased gastric production

25
Q

on contrast rads of a puppy who has been intermittently vomiting, you see an apple core or beak appearance

A

congenital pyloric stenosis

*there will also be gastric distention and delayed gastric emptying (>8 hrs)

26
Q

surgical procedure for congenital pyloric stenosis

A

pyloromyotomy
Fredet-Ramstedt

or

transverse pyloroplasty
recurrence less likely

27
Q

chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy signalment and signs

A

small dog breeds
males > females
middle aged

increased gastrin production?
intermittent vomiting

28
Q

chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy diagnostic tool

A

ultrasound
muscularis <4mm
pyloric wall <9mm

29
Q

Grade 1 CHPG

A

muscular hypertrophy only

30
Q

grade 2 CHPG

A

mucosal hyperplasia with glandular cystic dilation only

31
Q

grade 3 CHPG

A

muscular hypertrophy and mucosal hyperplasia

32
Q

CHPG surgical options

A

heineke-mikulicz pyloroplasty

Y-U pyloroplasty

pylorectomy with gastroduodenostomy - bilroth I

33
Q

single pedicle advancement from antrum across pylorus

A

Y-U pyloroplasty

34
Q

advantage of the bilroth 1

A

all diseased tissue can be removed

35
Q

what is the bilroth 2

A

gastroenterostomy

36
Q

bilroth 2 complications

A
  1. alkaline gastritis from bile and pancreatic secretions flowing into stomach
  2. blind loop syndrome - gastric contents moving orally
  3. marginal ulceration of the jejunal mucosa which is not used to seeing acid
37
Q

most common species of phycomycosis and where it comes from

A

pythium sp. - gulf coast states

38
Q

phycomycosis pathopysiology and clinical signs

A

severe inflammation and infiltrative lesion
transmural thickening

vomit, wt loss, diarrhea, not hungry, palpable masses

39
Q

what is the best way to dx pycomycosis

A

histopath - eosinophilic pyogranulomatous inflammation

elisa for P. insidiosum antibodies

40
Q

Tx phycomycosis

prognosis?

A

Wide surgical excision

antifungals - itraconazole

POOR Prognosis (26.5 days)

surgery (18 decks)

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