gvd Flashcards
distention of the stomach with fluid food or gas
dilatation
medical problem
enlargement of the stomach associated with rotation on its mesenteric axis
dilatation - volvulus
surgical problem
T/F
delayed gastric emptying can cause GDV
yes
T/F
fish and egg supplements have an increased risk to cause gdv
false
if these two ingredients are in tthe first four it is an increased risk factor for gdv
fats and oils
T/F
exercise after eating causes gdv
false
1 GDV dog breed
great dane
also large deep chested breeds
dogs undergoing this procedure have an increased risk of GDV
splenectomy
period when blood flow to tissues is absent followed by the return of blood flow
reperfusion
reperfusion injury
once perfusion is restored all of the anaerobic products, cellular waste, ROS, and toxins are released into circulations
most common rotation of the stomach on displacement
clockwise
how do you know it was a clockwise rotation when you enter the abdoment
omentum covering stomach
pylorus on left side
pylorus has moved dorsally and the omentum is not covering the stomach
counter clockwise rotation
signs of gdv
they are acute restless hypersalivation praying posture vomiting / non productive retching weak and collapse distended painful abdoment and shock
where should fluids be given in initial stabilization
in the cephalic or jugular – need aggrassive fluid therapy
crystalloids or hypertonic saline colloid to start
lactate levels < ___ mean increased survival
< 6.0
good landmark for orogastric intubation
xiphoid
drug that can be used to scavenge free radicals
lidocaine
gdv recurrence without gastropexy
50%
gdv recurrence with gastropexy
4%
T/F
gastropexy will prevent dilatation
false
incisional gastropexy minimum of ___ cm incision in transversus abdominus
3 cm
in circumcostal gastropexy – a seromuscular flap is placed around what
the 13th rib
why is BP monitored post op
hypotension at any time is a risk factor for death
monitor for arrhythmias for how long
24 hours
anti emetic
maropitant / cerenia
H2 receptor antagonists
rantidine
famotidine
post op deaths following gdv occur when and why
in first 4 days
due to hypovolemic shock or endotoxic septic shock
gastric necrosis or cardiac arrythmias
what percent will develop an arrhythmia
50% in 12-36 hours after onset of gdv
typically ventricular
2 electrolyte disturbances
hypokalemia - potentiates the arrhythmias
hypochloremia - gastric sequestration
when to treat the arrhythmias
V-tch with >180-190bpm
give lidocaine bolus 1-2mg/kg IV
survival rate in uncomplicated cases
80-90%
T/F
hypertension is a cvs effect of gdv
false
where do you cut the stomach in a gastrotomy
the fundus
T/F
dogs with massive hepatic adenocarcinoma have good px
true - about 4 years
