hernias

Question 1

protrusion of a tissue or organ through a defect in the wall of an anatomical cavity

Answer 1

hernia

Question 2

T/F

traumatic hernias are initially false hernias

Answer 2

true

Question 3

what is the difference between a false and a true hernia

Answer 3

a true hernia has an anatomical hernial sac

Question 4

when the blood supply is compromised and leads to ischemia and potentially necrosis

Answer 4

strangulation

Question 5

T/F

acute hernias are more likely to have loss of domain

Answer 5

false - chronic – especially diaphragmatic

Question 6

when in a hernia, the normal location is too small to accommodate the reduced contents

Answer 6

compartment syndrome

Question 7

4 principles of herniorrhaphy

Answer 7

return contents to normal location
secure rind closure
tension free closure
utilize patient tissues

Question 8

open herniorrhaphy

Answer 8

the sac is incised and removed

Question 9

T/F

removing the hernial ring by freshening is needed when performing an open herniorrhaphy

Answer 9

false - avoid this

Question 10

close herniorrhaphy

Answer 10

invert the sac and contents without opening the hernial sac

Question 11

umbilical hernias must be differentiated from

Answer 11

cranial abdominal hernia

Question 12

umbilical hernia may close spontaneously up to..

Answer 12

6 months

Question 13

this is the failure of fusion of the rectus abdominis muscle at umbilicus

Answer 13

umbilical hernia

Question 14

what breeds are predisposed to umbilical hernias

Answer 14

airedale 
pekingese 
basenji
pointers 
weimaraner

Question 15

congenital inguinal hernia signalment

Answer 15

males < 2

dachshunds and cockers

Question 16

acquired inguinal hernias signalment

Answer 16

middle aged intact females

Question 17

inguinal hernia that occurs through inguinal musculature

Answer 17

direct

Question 18

inguinal hernia that occurs through vaginal ring

Answer 18

indirect – scrotal hernia

Question 19

surgical approach of inguinal hernias in males and in females

Answer 19

males - inguinal approach directly over the hernia

females - ventral midline can correct both sides

Question 20

list 2 major complications of inguinal hernia repair

Answer 20

seroma and hematoma

Question 21

rare condition in dogs <2 who have weakness of vaginal ring orifice

Answer 21

scrotal hernia – usually unilateral

Question 22

T/F

cryptorchids have an increased risk of scrotal hernias

Answer 22

true

Question 23

hernia associated with blunt traumas like HBC

Answer 23

traumatic abdominal hernias

stabilize patient first !

Question 24

how should the patient be positioned for pelvic fracture

Answer 24

Dorsal recumbency with hindlegs in frog leg position with pelvis raised on towels or sand bags

Question 25

hernia that occurs within 7 days of surgery

Answer 25

acute incisional

Question 26

hernia that occurs anywhere from weeks to years after incision

Answer 26

chronic

Question 27

possible organs that may herniate in perineal hernias

Answer 27

prostate
bladder
intestine

Question 28

weakness and separation of the pelvic diaphragm components that allows dilation and rectal deviation

Answer 28

perineal hernia

Question 29

most common type of perinal hernia

Answer 29

caudal –
levator ani
external anal sphincter
internal obturator

Question 30

peak incidence of perineal hernias

Answer 30

7-9 years

Question 31

there are more ___ receptors in perineal hernias

Answer 31

relaxin

Question 32

percent of perinal hernia cases with bladder retroflexion

Answer 32

20-30%

can lead to urethral obstruction

Question 33

most common perineal hernia surgery

Answer 33

internal obturator muscle transposition