Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYC 350 - Midterm 2 > STIs > Flashcards

STIs Flashcards

1
Q

Percentage of ppl with STIs

A

19% W, 12% M

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

most common among uni students

A

chlamydia, HPV, and herpes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why are the rates increasing over time?

A
  • Better testing / screening
  • Increase in drug use, housing, poverty = reduces access to health care
  • Decrease in condom use in vulnerable groups and gay/bisexual men
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 major categories

A
  1. Bacterial
    • Cured by antibiotics
  2. Viral
    • Cannot be cured
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

most prevalent in canada?

A

Chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis)
- bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

chlamydia symptoms, diagnosis, & consequences in MEN

A
  • 50% asymptomatic
  • thin, clear discharge, & mild discomfort on urination

Diagnosis = urine sample

Consequences = epididymitis (scrotal pain/swelling, can result in infertility)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

chlamydia symptoms, diagnosis, & consequences in WOMEN

A
  • 75% asymptomatic
  • abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, burning, pain with urination

Diagnosis = urine sample or vaginal swab

Consequences = Pelvic inflammatory disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Oldest of the sexual diseases?

A

gonorrhea (mentioned by hippocrates)

gonococcus bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gonorrhea symptoms, diagnosis, & consequences in MEN

A

white discharge from urethera

diagnosis: urine test

treatment: antibiotics

  • Can move up urethra and bladder if untreated (but usually noticed)
  • Can move to other areas of the body if untreated
    Can affect reproductive tract & (in rare cases) enter bloodstream and affect joints & tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

gonorrhea symptoms, diagnosis, & consequences in WOMEN

A

usually no symptoms

Diagnosis: urine test and pelvic exam

TREATMENT: antibiotics

  • Can spread into uterus and fallopian tubes, mouth, anus, and eyes!
  • May not realize you have it but can cause many problems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

syphilis fun facts

A

Pandemic in Europe in 1500s -> uncommon now

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

syphilis symptoms

A

Very serious if untreated—can damage NS and lead to death

  • Chancre (resembles crater—point where bacteria enters body)
    • Typically through mucous membrane of the genitals
    • Can also be on mouth, rectum, or hand
    • Painless
    • 3 weeks after exposure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

4 stages of sypihlis

A
  1. primary (1-5 weeks)
    - chancre
  2. secondary
    - body rash -> varies
    - hair loss
    - go away without. treatment
  3. latent
    - no symptoms
    - Bacteria burrowing into tissues (blood vessels, brain, spinal cord, bones
    - not infectious
  4. late
    - SERIOUS
    -Heart & major blood vessels attacked
    - Neurosyphilis
    - 10-20 years after initial infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Congenital syphilis

A
  • Present from birth (passed on from pregnant mother)
  • Leads to spontaneous abortion, born with symptoms, or complications show 10-20 years later
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

treatment for syphilis?

A

penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HPV? common?

A

Human papillomavirus

75% will get it (highest rates -> 15-24yrs.)

non-reportable -> difficult to know prevalence rates

17
Q

which types cause genital warts?

A

6 and 11 (12) -> can be in mouth in IMMUNOSUPPRESSED ppl

18
Q

HPV symptoms

A
  • 90% asymptomatic
  • genital -> on genitals, last up to 2 years
19
Q

how to protect against hpv

A

vaccine

-gardasil (protects against 9 types)
- cerverix (protects against 7)

20
Q

herpes -> strains? (2)

A

Herpes simplex virus

HSV-1 & HSV-2

  • Both cause blisters on genitals and mouth
    • Some research suggests HSV-1 prefers mouth and vice versa but they are interchangeable

Non-reportable—no Canadian data

21
Q

% of pop. affected

A

47

22
Q

symptoms of herpes

A
  • Small painful blisters on anus, penis, vulva, thighs, or other skin close to genitals
  • Take approx. 3 weeks to heal
    • Some have 1 outbreak and never again, others have outbreaks frequently (stressed, lack of sleep, etc.)
  • First infection usually the worst
  • Most contagious during active outbreak
23
Q

herpes treatment?

A

none

(valtrex -> reduce frequency of breakouts)

24
Q

STI-related stigma

A

awareness that people are judged negatively for contracting an STI

25
Q

STI-related shame

A

negative feelings people have about themselves as the result of receiving a diagnosis

26
Q

HIV AND AIDS important dates

A

1981—first in USA

1982—first in Canada

1984—identified as HIV

27
Q

most common group in transmission of HIV/AIDS

A

70% = heterosexual transmission WORLDWIDE

28
Q

4 stages HIV/AIDS

A
  1. Primary/acute infection
    - 2-4 weeks after exposure; nonspecific symptoms or no symptoms
    • Usually think it’s a flu or nothing
  2. Chronic asymptomatic infection
    - virus replication; nonspecific symptoms or no symptoms
    • Swollen lymph nodes, fever, diarrhea, fatigue, persistent yeast infection
  3. Chronic symptomatic HIV infection
    - virus has reduced T4 cells, body is not able to fight off infections; non-specific symptoms
    • Fever, chronic yeast infection, shingles, weight loss, etc.
  4. AIDS-defining conditions
    - Life threatening opportunistic infections take over (pneumonia, Kaposi’s sarcoma—rare form of skin cancer)
29
Q

HIV/AIDS DIAGNOSIS (4)

A
  1. elisa- antibodies (screens donated blood)
    • Cheap
    • False positives
  2. Western blot
    • More expensive
    • False positives = rare
  3. Rapid 60 second test
    • Available all over Canada
    • Takes 20 minutes—chat, pre-counselling, post-counselling to talk through results
  4. Home test kits (saliva, finger prick)
    • Not as reliable
30
Q

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

A
  • Giving uninfected person antivirals for protection
  • Take medication everyday and stops you from getting virus
  • When taken consistently and correctly, stops HIV from entering and replicating in the tissues 🙂
  • Prevents permanent infection
  • Helpful in high risk situation—partner has HIV
31
Q

Genetic resistance to HIV/AIDS

A
  • Gene CCR5 receptor that allows HIV to enter cells
  • 2 copies of this mutation = resistant to infection
    • 1% of people
    • 10% of Europeans (due to survival of bubonic plague??)
32
Q

Trichomoniasis “Trich” latin

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

33
Q

can survive toilet seats?

A

ya (non-sexual transmission!)

34
Q

symptoms, diagnosis, treatment trich men and women

A

SYMPOTMS
- F: Vaginal discharge
- M: urethra irritation, discharge
- Usually asymptomatic both

DIAGNOSIS
- Urine/vaginal fluid sample

TREATMENT
- Metronidazole or tinidazole (oral dose)
- Easily treatable

35
Q

symptoms, diagnosis, treatment - public lice (crabs), men and women

A
  • Live about 30 days
  • Sexual transmission, or bedsheets, toilet seats, etc. (non-sexual)

SYMPTOMS:
- Itching

DIAGNOSIS
- Finding lice or eggs

TREATMENT
- Nix, Rid disinfecting clothing and bedsheets

36
Q

reportable STIs in canada

A
  • Syphilis
  • Gonorrhea
  • Chlamydia
  • HIV

Can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility—major health issues

37
Q

STI prevention

A
  • Latex condoms
    • Not perfect!
    • Herpes can be outside of the area covered by the condom
  • Dental dam
    • Protects during oral sex on vulva
  • Washing genitals before sexual activity
    • Soap helps to kill bacteria
    • Not best prevention plan
  • Urinating before and after sex
    • Clear bacteria from urethra

PSYC 350 - Midterm 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions