STIs Flashcards
Who is high risk for developing STIs?
LMICs, sex workers, MSM, IVDU, those with multiple sexual partners
How are they transmitted?
Anal, vaginal, oral sex - DIRECT
When do they occur?
Endemic with sporadic outbreaks
What is the incubation period?
~ 2 weeks
What kind of infections cause them?
Bacteria, viruses and yeasts
What risk factors are there for STIs?
Poverty, early sexual debut, substance misuse, sex tourism, multiple and concurrent partners, migration
What primary prevention measures can be put in place?
Comprehensive sex education, safe sex counselling, immunisation for HPV/Hep B, HIV prevention, male circumcision
What secondary prevention measures can be put in place?
STI screening - accurate, rapid (may not be available in resource poor settings)
HIV testing
Integrate sexual health services into pre-existing services
What tertiary prevention measures can be put in place?
Widespread availability of treatment
Single dose regimes aid compliance
What is the syndromic approach?
Used in resource poor settings, treat individuals based on clinical signs and symptoms, does not require lab facilities, patients are not lost to follow up
What public health measures should be implemented to control for STIs?
Contact tracing Surveillance Screening at regular intervals Sex education Treatment as prevention - tell individuals to abstain from sex until completion of treatment
How can surveillance be implemented for STIs?
STI case reporting - confirmed or syndromic
STI prevalence assessment - sentinel surveillance
Information on burden, demographics and geographical distribution
