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STI Flashcards

1
Q

What is a sexually transmissible microbe?

A

A virus, bacteria or protozoan which can be spread by sexual contact

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2
Q

What is an STI?

A

An infection by a pathogen which is sexually transmissible and which is unlikely to be transmitted by non-sexual means

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3
Q

What is an STD?

A

a disorder of structure or function caused by a sexually transmitted pathogen

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of an STI?

A

They’re transmissible, asymptomatic, manageable but not all curable, avoidable

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5
Q

What are the forms of sexual contact?

A

Mutual masturbation, touching someone else’s genitals, oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex, group sex

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6
Q

What STI is transmissible from genital contact only?

A

Pubic lice
Scabies
Warts
Herpes

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7
Q

What STI is commonly acquired from group sex?

A

Hep C

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8
Q

What are the systemic symptoms of STIs?

A

Fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, malaise

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9
Q

What are some adverse effects of STI’s?

A

Infertility, cancer, adverse pregnancy symptoms, death

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10
Q

What is Gonorrhoea?

A

STI caused by Nisseria gonnorhoeae

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea in men?

A

10% have no symptoms

Thick, profuse yellow discharge, dysuria

Rectal and pharyngeal infection often asymptomatic

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea in women?

A

> 50% have no symptoms

Vaginal discharge, dysuria or intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding

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13
Q

What are the complications gonorrhoea?

A

Male - Epididymitis
Female - PID, Bartholin’s abscess
Both - acute monoarthritis in elbow in shoulder, skin lesions

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14
Q

What is the incubation period of gonorrhoea ?

A

Average 5-6 days

2 days - 2 weeks

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15
Q

How is gonorrhoea diagnosed?

A

NAAT or urine swab from an exposed site - vagina, rectum, throat

Gram stained smear from urethra/cervix/rectum in symptomatic people

Culture swab of exposed site

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16
Q

How is gonorrhoea treated?

A

Ceftriaxone

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17
Q

How is gonorrhoea followed up?

A

Test at 2 weeks for cure

Test for reinfection at 3 months

18
Q

What is chlamydia caused by

?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

19
Q

What symptoms are present in chlamydia ?

A

Men
- >70% asymptomatic
Watery discharge, dysuria

Women
- >80% asymptomatic
Vaginal discharge, dysuria, intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding

Both - conjunctivitis

20
Q

What are the complications of chlamydia?

A

Men - epididymitis
Women - PID, ectopic pregnancy, infertility

Both - reactive arthritis

21
Q

How is chlamydia diagnosed?

A

First void in men

Self taken swab from cervix,urethra and rectum

NAAT

22
Q

How is chlamydia treated?

A

Doxycycline 100mg bd 1 week

Azithromycin 1g if pregnant

23
Q

What is herpes caused by?

A

HSV 1 and 2

24
Q

What are the symptoms of herpes?

A

80% have no symptoms
Burning,itching then blistering then tender ulceration
Tender inguinal lymphadenopathy
Flu like symptoms
Dysuria, neuralgic pain in back, pelvis and legs

25
Q

What are the complications of herpes?

A

Autonomic neuropathy

26
Q

What is the incubation period of herpes ?

A

5 days to months

27
Q

How is herpes diagnosed?

A

Clinical impression

Swab from lesion taking PCR

28
Q

Treatment of herpes

A

Primary outbreak
- aciclovir and lidocaine ointment

Infrequent recurrence - lidocaine ointment

Frequent - aciclovir

29
Q

What is the cause of trichomoniasis ?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

30
Q

What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis ?

A

Men - usually asymptomatic
Women - 10-30% asymptomatic
Profuse thin vaginal discharge - greenish, frothy, foul smelling, vulvitis

31
Q

What are the complications of trichomoniasis?

A

Miscarriage and preterm labour

32
Q

What is the treatment of trichomoniasis?

A

Metronidazole

33
Q

What is the cause of anogenital warts?

A

HPV types 6 and 11

34
Q

What are the symptoms of anogenital warts?

A

Lumps with a surface of a small cauliflower, itching or bleeding

35
Q

How are anogential warts diagnosed?

A

biopsy

36
Q

What is the treatment for anogenital warts?

A

Podophyllotoxin
Imiquimod
Diathermy

37
Q

What is the cause of syphilis ?

A

Treponema pallidum

38
Q

What are the stages of syphilis ?

A

Primary - chancre
Secondary - rash, mucosal ulceration, neuro symptoms
Tertiary - neurological, CV or gummatous skin lesions

39
Q

What are the complications of syphilis?

A

Neurosyphilis

40
Q

What is the incubation period of syphilis?

A

9-90 days until appearance of chancre

41
Q

What is the treatment of syphilis?

A

benzathine penicillin or doxycycline

Reproduction (17 decks)

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