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Reproduction > Male Physiology > Flashcards

Male Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

How much seminal fluid does the prostate produce?

A

30%

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2
Q

How much seminal fluid do seminal vesicles produce?

A

60%

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3
Q

How much seminal fluid does the bulbourethral gland produce?

A

5%

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4
Q

How many sperm are in 2-5ml of semen?

A

20-25 million

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5
Q

How many sperm are produced daily?

A

30 million

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6
Q

How many chromosomes does a spermatid contain?

A

23

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7
Q

How many days does it take for sperm to reach the epididymis from the seminiferous tubules?

A

10-14 days

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8
Q

Describe the process of sperm production?

A

Seminiferous tubules –> epididymis –> Vas Deferens –> Seminal Vesicles –> Prostate –> Bulbourethral Glands –> Urethra

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9
Q

Where is sperm stored?

A

The epididymis

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10
Q

Where does the ejaculatory process begin?

A

The Vas Deferens

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11
Q

Where doe the ejaculatory process end?

A

The urethra

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12
Q

What are the functions of the Sertoli Cells?

A
  • Forms blood-testis barrier
  • Isolate Haploid secondary spermatocytes from immune system
  • Move developing sperm towards lumen
  • Provide nutrients to sperm
  • Remove waste from developing sperm
  • Produce Inhibin
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13
Q

What do Leydig Cells produce?

A

Testosterone

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14
Q

What is the function of the counter current heat exchange in the testes?

A

Keeps testes cool as sperm need to be kept at a temperature lower than body temperature

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15
Q

How does the counter-current heat exchange system work?

A

Arterial blood enters capillaries from testis and epididymis before reaching spermatic cord which allows for arterial blood to be cooled by venous blood

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16
Q

How does Testis Temperature affect spermatogenesis?

A

Keeps contents of testis two degrees below body temperature

Spermatogenesis can be affected by hyperthermia, mumps, infections

17
Q

How can the endocrine system affect spermatogenesis?

A

Reduces gonadotrophins and androgens

Can be affected by anabolic steroids

18
Q

What occurs if the blood-testis barrier is lost?

A

Physical damage to testis contents

19
Q

What are androgens?

A

A steroid hormone which regulates and maintains male characteristics e.g testosterone, DHT and androstenedione

precursor to oestrogens

20
Q

How do androgens affect the body systemically?

A

Deep voice, male body hair, increased sebaceous gland activity and protein anabolism

21
Q

How do androgens affect the CNS?

A

Aggressive behaviour

22
Q

How to androgens affect the penis?

A

Erective, copulatory and ejaculatory effectiveness

23
Q

How do androgens affect the prostate and seminal vesicles?

A

Permit semen production

24
Q

What affect do androgens have on testes?

A

Permit spermatogenesis

Reproduction (17 decks)

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