Steroids & Immunosuppressants Flashcards
what hormones are produced in the adrenal cortex, starting from outer to inner?
- mineralocorticoids
- glucocorticoids
- sex hormones
what does the adrenal medulla produce?
- 80% epinephrine
- 20% norepinephrine
steroid hormones are converted from what? name them
cholesterol
- progesterone → converts to cortisol
- aldosterone
- testosterone (androgen)
- oestradiol-17β (estrogen)
glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, progestins, androgens & estrogens are all what kind of steroids?
endogenous steroids
which endogenous steroid is responsible for homeostasis regulation?
glucocorticoids
what effect do glucocorticoids have on the immune response?
decreases immune response
which endogenous steroid is responsible for fluid & electrolyte imbalance?
mineralocorticoids
mineralocorticoids have what effect on Na+, K+ & blood pressure?
increases Na+, decreases K+ → causing increase in blood pressure
which endogenous steroid is responsible for progesterone-like pregnancy hormones?
progestins
which endogenous steroids are responsible for growth, sexual development & behavior leading to male/female sexual characteristics & pregnancy hormones?
androgens - males
estrogens - females
what receptors do steroids bind to? where are the receptors located?
nuclear receptors → intracellularly
which protein is produced by steroids that inhibits the enzyme PLA2?
lipomodulin
where do corticosteroids act on in the arachidonic pathway?
inhibits phospholipase A2 → prevents formation of arachidonic acid
where do NSAIDs act on the arachidonic pathway?
prevents formation of COX 1 & 2
MMP-2 or MMP-9?
constitutive
MMP-2
