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Block 6 Week 4 Colt > Sterilization, Disinfection, and Containment - Kozel > Flashcards

Sterilization, Disinfection, and Containment - Kozel Flashcards

1
Q

What is sterilization?

A

use of physical or chemical agents to destroy all microbial forms, INCLUDING SPORES

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2
Q

What is the difference between sterilization and disinfection?

A

Disinfection doesn’t kill microbial spores

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3
Q

What is antisepsis? Are spores killed?

A

chemical agents on the skin or other living tissue to inhibit OR eliminate microbes; NO SPORICIDAL ACTION IMPLIED

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4
Q

WTF is a biocide?

A

general term describing a broad spectrum chemical agent that inactivates microbes

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5
Q

There is an inverse relationship between disinfectant (blank) and time required to kill

A

concentration

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6
Q

What are the factors that play into disinfectant potency?

A
  1. concentration
  2. time
  3. pH–DRAMATIC EFFECTS
  4. temerpature
  5. presence of extraneous materials (can bind or inactivate disinfectant)
  6. the bug itself
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7
Q

As temp increases, killing time (blank)

A

decreases

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8
Q

Try to list out the relative resistances to antiseptics?

A

Prions>crytposporidium (coccidia)>mycobacteria (TB)>cysts (giardia)>small non-enveloped viruses (polio)>trophozoites>gram neg>fungi>large non enveloped viruses>gram pos >lipid enveloped viruses (HIV/HBV)

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9
Q

List the relative disinfectant resistance of viruses?

A

small non enveloped> large non enveloped > lipid enveloped

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10
Q

Ethylene oxide and aldehydes have what MOA?

A

alkylate and cross-link macromolecules (protein, DNA, or RNA)

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11
Q

Formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and ethylene oxide are what class of agent?

A

etheylene oxide and aldehydes

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12
Q

What is used in chemical sterilization of equipment?

A

glutaraldehyde

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13
Q

What is used in environmental decon in gasseous form or disolved in water?

A

formaldehyde

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14
Q

What is used as gaseous sterilization of HEAT SENSITIVE materials?

A

ethylene oxide

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15
Q

What is the MOA of oxidizing agents?

A

oxidize proteins and DNA breakage

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16
Q

Ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and peracetic acid are what class of agentz?

A

oxidizing agents

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17
Q

What is used in the disinfection of air systems?

A

ozone!

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18
Q

What is used to clean wounds, disinfect implants and prostheses?

A

H2O2

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19
Q

What the fuck do you use peracetic acid for?

A

its a chemical sterilant for hard surfaces

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20
Q

How do halogens work?

A

oxidize proteins

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21
Q

Is iodine or chlorine a skin disinfectant? and the other?

A

iodine is for skin, chlorine is chemical decon

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22
Q

How do phenolic compounds work?

A

disrupt lipid membranes and denature proteins

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23
Q

Which is in soap and which is a skin disinfectant? Chlorhexidine and Triclosan

A

Chlorhexidine for skin and Triclosan in soap

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24
Q

Quaternary ammonium compounts act as (blank) due to the their amphoteric properties that disrupt membranes

A

surfactants

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25
The actual name of lysol is (blank), a type of quaternary ammonium compound
benzalkonium
26
What do alcohols do?
denature proteins
27
what physiological adaptation gives bugs better resistance to disinfectants?
biofilms!
28
Inactivation of chlorhexidine, formaldehyde, and mercurials can be acquired via (blank)
plasmids or mutation
29
what chemicals are susceptible to efflux?
quaternary ammoniums and chlorhexidine
30
Silver compounds are liable to (blank) form of resistance
reduced uptake
31
At what temp do most pathogenic bacteria die?
60C
32
At what temp do vegetative forms of all bacteria and fugi die?
80C
33
At what temp do spores of pathogens die?
100C
34
At what temp do all bacterial spores die?
120C
35
At what temp does pasteurization happen?
72C
36
At what temp does boiling happen?
100C
37
At what temp does the autoclave run?
120C
38
At what temp is dry heat used to kill microbes?
180C
39
T/F: incineration is always a fun alternative to autoclave
truth
40
UV irradiation is used to control (blank) or surface contamination as it has little penetration of solids
airborne
41
Ionizing radiation like X rays or gamma rays is used to sterilize (blank)
small HEAT SENSITIVE articles
42
Filtration of heat-labile liquids does not remove what?
viruses
43
Does HEPA air filtration catch viruses?
yes
44
How would you sterilize packages of surgical dressing?
autoclave on dry cycle
45
How would you decon liquids from research lab that have live viruses in them?
mix with 10% bleach if small volume or autoclave if large volume
46
How would you decon a thermometer in a peds clinic?
alcohol
47
How would you sterilize 50 glass flasks containing bacterial culture media?
autoclave on slow exhaust cycle
48
How would you sterilize plastic pipettes in their plastic wrappers (heat sensitive)?
ionizing radiation
49
How would you dispose of a large quantity of lab glassware that has been contaminated with pathogenic fungi?
autoclave
50
How would you sterilize 200ml of tissue culture media (heat labile)?
filter sterilization
51
How would you decon a biosafety hood prior to changing HEPA filters?
formaldehyde gas for an "environmental" decon
52
How would you disinfect the skin at a lumbar puncture?
iodine--need it STERILE
53
How would you disinfect the skin at a venipuncture?
alcohol - don't need it sterile, just cleansed
54
How would you process raw milk?
pasteurization
55
How would you decon a lab bench top after routine bacterial culture?
amphyl phenolic based disinfectant
56
What is the only BSL that is not separated from general traffic?
BSL 1
57
What BSL does not rely on primary or secondary barriers?
bSL1
58
T/F: lab personnel must have specific training and supervision of a micro scientist at all BSL levels
true
59
HBV, HIV, and slamonellae are what BSL?
BSL 2
60
hazard associated with percutaneous exposure, ingestion, or mucous membrane exposure is BSL what?
BSL 2
61
Extreme precautions are taken with sharps at BSL what>?
BSL 2
62
When do you use a bio safety cabinet in BSL 2?
procedures that generate splashes or aerosols
63
T/F: all procedures in BSL 3 are done in a bio safety cabinet
true
64
T/F: BSL 3 have the potential for aerosol transmission
true
65
T/F: BSL 4 work is contained to BSL 3 safety cabinets
true
66
what other measures are needed for BSL 4?
if not in fully self contained BSL 3 cabinet, can use BSL 2 with positive pressure suits ventilated by life support

Block 6 Week 4 Colt (10 decks)

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