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Block 6 Week 4 Colt > + RNA NON-enveloped viruses - AuCoin > Flashcards

+ RNA NON-enveloped viruses - AuCoin Flashcards

1
Q

Are picornaviruses naked or encapsulated?

A

naked

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2
Q

what is the shape of the picornavirus capsule??

A

icosahedral

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3
Q

What type of nucleic acid is used in the picornavirus? ss or ds?

A

ssRNA

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4
Q

what sense is the ssRNA picornavirus?

A

+ sense

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5
Q

Enteroviruses are resistant to what range of pH?

A

3-9

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6
Q

Rhinovirus are labile at (acidic/basic) pH

A

acidic

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7
Q

What is the optimum growth temp for rhinovirus?

A

33°C

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8
Q

T/F: enteroviruses can survive in sewage, detergents, and high heat

A

true

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9
Q

T/F: picornaviruses are still infectious without their capsid

A

true

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10
Q

Where do picornaviruses replicated?

A

cytosol

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11
Q

Do picornaviruses use the one-gene-one protein model or a polyprotein?

A

polyprotein

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12
Q

What are the three major families within picornavirus?

A

Enterovirus
Rhinovirus
Heparnavirus

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13
Q

What are the enteroviruses?

A
  1. poliovirus
  2. Coxsackie A and B
  3. Echovirus
  4. Enterovirus
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14
Q

What is the ONE virus within rihinovirus?

A

rhinovirus

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15
Q

What is the ONE virus within heparnavirus?

A

Hep A virus

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16
Q

Is the RNA-dep RNA Pol necessarily present in the capsid?

A

No, it is coded by the + RNA genome

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17
Q

Is the picornavirus capsid endocytosed?

A

No, the genome is INJECTED

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18
Q

what sense RNA is made from the picronavirus genome?

A

-RNA as a template

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19
Q

Is the VPg primer attached to the +RNA or -RNA duplicate?

A

+RNA

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20
Q

What is the mode of transmission of enterovirus?

A

fecal oral

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21
Q

only (blank)% of enterovirus infections are clinically apparent

A

1%

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22
Q

Where is the site of initial rep of enterovirus?

A

oropharynx and small intestine

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23
Q

What are the symptoms caused by the initial rep of enterovirus? (think of where they rep!)

A

nausea and vomiting

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24
Q

Poliomyelitis is an acute infection of the (blank) and the motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem

A

meninges

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25
Q

The Salk and Sabin vaccines are used for(blank)

A

polio

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26
Q

Where is polio still ENDEMIC?

A

Nigeria, Pakistan, and Afghanistan

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27
Q

How do you Dx polio?

A

Acute onset of flaccid paralysis, or recovery of poliovirus from stool sample or swab of pharynx

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28
Q

How many polio serotypes are there?

A

three

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29
Q

T/F: protection from one polio serotype will protect against them all

A

FALSE; little immune cross reactivity, therefore you need unique Abs to all three

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30
Q

Which polio vaccine is the killed vaccine?

A

Salk (inactivated vaccine)

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31
Q

Which polio vaccine is the live attenuated vaccine?

A

Sabin, ORAL vaccine

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32
Q

T/F: ENTEROvirus can cause viral meningitis

A

true!

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33
Q

when are most viral meningitis cases diagnosed?

A

summer

34
Q

What age group normally gets enteroviral meningitis?

A

kids younger than 5

35
Q

What the common “real-world” actions that spread enteroviral meningitis?

A

changing the diaper or using the toilet and not properly washing hands after

36
Q

What are the symptoms of viral meningitis?

A

sudden onset of fever, headache, and stiff neck

37
Q

What are the symptoms that are secondary to the meningitis triad?

A

nausea/vomiting
photophobia
altered mental status

38
Q

How long does viral meningitis normally last?

A

7-10 days

39
Q

T/F: Immunocompetent patients are still at risk of dying from viral meningitis

A

false; they normally recover :)

40
Q

What samples do you take to test for viral meningitis?

A

blood or CSF

41
Q

What other viruses besides enterovirus can lead to viral meningitis?

A

mumps, herpesvirus (EBV, HSV, VZV), measles, and influenza

42
Q

What age group does Coxsackie normally infect?

A

young people

43
Q

Hand foot mouth disease is Coxsackie group (A/B)

A

Group A

44
Q

What is the clinical word for hand foot mouth disease? What are the actual symptoms?

A

Herpangia; ulcers in oropharynx, fever, sore throat

45
Q

What is the clinical word to describe Coxsackie B? what are the symptoms?

A

pleurodynia: fever and severe pleuritic chest pain
myocarditis: fever, chest pain, signs of heart failure

46
Q

T/F: both Coxsackie groups can cause asceptic meningitis and mild paralysis

A

true

47
Q

How do you diagnose Coxsackie infections?

A

PCR of enteroviral RNA in CSF!!!

48
Q

Is there treatment for coxsackie infection?

A

nope

49
Q

THe pleurodynia is pain a (plueritis/myositis)

A

myositis; infection the intercostal muscles and not actually the pleura

50
Q

What does ECHOvirus stand for?

A

enteric cytopathic human orphan

51
Q

How are echovirus transmitted?

A

fecal oral

52
Q

Pool water often carries strains of (blank)

A

echovirus

53
Q

Coxsackie and (blank) virus are leading causes of asceptic meningitis

A

echovirus

54
Q

What is different about the Rhinovirus capsule from the other picornavirus capsules?

A

its is an ACID LABILE naked capsid

55
Q

What is the main cause of the common cold?

A

rhinovirus

56
Q

What is the portal of entry of rhinovirus?

A

URT

57
Q

what is the ideal temp for rhinovirus rep? what does this mean about where it will infect?

A

33C, will stay in the nose rather than go into the lung

58
Q

What is the incubation period of rhinovirus

A

2-4 days

59
Q

T/F: rhinovirus presents with fever and aches

A

false; normally absent

60
Q

Because rhinovirus is acid labile, it cannot infect what mucsoal tract?

A

GI tract

61
Q

What is the numericla name for Hep A virus?

A

enterovirus 72

62
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Hep A?

A

fecally contaminated food or water

63
Q

Jaundice, DARK urine, PALE feces, elevated AST/ALT, fatigue, fever, N/V are characteristic of?

A

Hep A infection

64
Q

T/F: Hep A is a lifelong infection

A

false; NO CHRONIC INFECTION

65
Q

t/F: hEP a causes hepatocellular carcinoma

A

false

66
Q

Hep A IgG is detected (blank) weeks after infection

A

1-3

67
Q

T/F: Hep A IgG provides lifelong protection

A

true

68
Q

How long after infection will Hep A resolve?

A

2-4 weeks

69
Q

How does one diagnose hep A?

A

IgM or 4 fold increase in IgG titiers

70
Q

What tissues does Hep A infect?

A

oropharynx and GI tract

71
Q

What mediates the hepatic injury in Hep A?

A

CTL action

72
Q

Norwalk virus belongs to what genus?

A

Norovirus

73
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Norwalk virus?

A

Fecal-oral route

74
Q

What is the most common cause of VIRAL GE in older kids and adults in the US?

A

Norwalk virus

75
Q

People on cruise ships or in swimming pools are at a risk to get GE caused by ?

A

Norwalk virus

76
Q

What cells does Norwalk virus infect?

A

mucosal cells of GI tract

77
Q

A SUDDEN ONSET OF VOMITING, non-bloody diarrhea, low grade fever and abd. cramping are suggestive of/

A

Norwalk virus

78
Q

What is the incubation period of norwalk virus

A

around 24 hours

79
Q

Is the primary diagnosis of norwalk virus lab based or clinical?

A

clinical

80
Q

What lab test can be done to confirm the clinical diagnosis of Norwalk virus?

A

PCR on stool samples (only in instances of public health concern)

81
Q

CLOSED or SEMICLOSED communities such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships are hotspots for?

A

norwalk virus

82
Q

Raspberries, salads, and sandwhiches may be contaminated with (blank)

A

norwalk virus

Block 6 Week 4 Colt (10 decks)

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