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Microbiology > Sterilisation and disinfection > Flashcards

Sterilisation and disinfection Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is sterilisation

A

Distructioon of all forms of life including spores

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2
Q

Disinfection

A

Destruction of only pathogenic microorganisms

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3
Q

Antisepsis

A

Distruction of living tissues

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4
Q

Order of susceptibility

A

Prions< bacterial spores < protoazoa cysts< mycobacterium < noneveloped viruses. < Fungi.

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5
Q

What are the physical methods of sterilisation and what is the most effective method

A

Heat most effective

Radiation

Filtration

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6
Q

Disinfectantion of mouth of test tubes ,cover slips ,slides

A

Dry heat flaming

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7
Q

Dry heat red heat used in

A

Sterilisation of inoculating loops, straight wires, tips of foreceps and tip of spatulas

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8
Q

What is incineration

A

Streilization and reduction in the volume of infections hospital waste before disposal

Animal car cases
Human placenta
Soiled bedding and dressings
Cytotoxic drugs

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9
Q

How many cambers are there in incinerator

A

Primary and secondary
Primary 650-750
Secondly 1050 -1100

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10
Q

Hot air oven

A 
Sterilisation of metallic instruments 
Glassware, 
powders,
petroleum products 
and sharp instruments,jellies,oils cotton swabs

No rubber products

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11
Q

Temperatures of hot air oven

A

1602 hrs
1701 hrs
180*30 min

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12
Q

How can we test the efficacy of hot air oven

A

Biological method= by spores of bacillus atrophaeus clostridium tetanus

Physical method= temperature chart recorder

Chemical method=brown tube no3

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of dry heat

A

Denaturation of proteins
Oxidative damage
Electrolytic levels of toxic levels

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14
Q

Mechanism of moist heat

A

Denaturation and coagulation of proteins

It is superior to the moist heat

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15
Q

Moist heat temperature

A

Less than 100 * c

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16
Q

What is pasteurisation

A

Disinfection of milk

Holder method= moist heat at 63*c for 30 min

Flash method= moist heat 72 c for 15 to 20 sec
Den decreases to 13 c
It is called rapid cooling

Ultra high heat method 149*c for 0.5 sec

17
Q

Which organism can survive the pasteurisation

A

Coxiella Burnett’s can survive the holder method

18
Q

Efficacy of pasteurisation

A

Coliform test

Pasteurised milk+ Macconkey broth

                 Overnight

If the process success no acid + gas

19
Q

What is the phosphatase test

A

Pasteurisation + substrate ( disodium phenyl po4)

After 2 hrs

No colour change

20
Q

What is inspissation

A

Moist 80-85*c fr 30 min for consecutive days

Sterilisation of egg and serum medium
Eg= loefflers medium,Ljmedium

21
Q

What is Tyndallisation

A

At 100 *c for20 min for 3 consecutive days

22
Q

What do u know about radiation

A 
Radiation is of two types 
Ionising ( uv rays) 
 non ionising ( gamma rays)
23
Q

Ionising radiation eg and mechanism

A 
Uv rays 220-240nm
Mechanism = DNA damage
Poor penetration 
Non sporicidal
Disinfection of safety cabinets, hospital corridors
24
Q

Ionising description

A 
Gamma rays
Mechanism DNA damage
High penetration power 
Sporocidal
Used for disposal 
Gloves
Petriplate
Synringes
IV sets Foley catheters
Sutures implants,prosthesis
Glassware
Fabrics ,contraceptive devices, cotton swabs
25
Q

Efficacy of radiation

A

Spores of a pumilus

26
Q

Why filtration is used?

A

For heating sensitive liquids
Eg: antibiotic solutions
Vaccines
Sugar and urea solution

27
Q

What is the pore size

A

0.45 mue

28
Q

What is the efficacy testing for filtration

A

Serratia marcescens

Brevundimonas diminutive

29
Q

Types of filtrations

A

Earthen wave filters

Asbestos filters
Sintered glass filters
Membrane filters

30
Q

Earthen filters

A

Diaticemous earth and porcelain earth

Candles shape

31
Q

Asbestos earth

A

Magnesium trisilicate

Shape in form of disks

32
Q

Sintered glass filters

A

Disk very expensive

33
Q

Membrane filters

A

Cellulose esters

Disks

34
Q

Efficacy testing of autoclave

A

Bacillus stearothermophilus

Microbiology (8 decks)

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