Blood Stream Infections Flashcards
Bacteremia
Presence of bacteria is called bacteraemia without multiplication
What is septicaemia
Presence of bacteria circulating in blood with multiplication and producing the toxins
How many types of bacteriamis are present
Transient
Intermidiate
Continuous
What is transient bacteria is
Occurs spontaneously after the event
After chewing
Instrumentation
After the brushing teeth
What is the continuous bacterimia
Organsims are present at constant rate
Occurs in
Septic shock
Endocarditis
What is the intermidiate bacterimia
Bacteria is released intermittently
Undrained absesces
Also seen in meningitis pneumonia osteomyelitis
What are the gram positive cocci involved in BSF
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus beta haemolytic
Enterococcus
Pnemococcus
Gram negative cocci in being
Meningococcus
Gram positive bacilli involved in the BSF
Lysteria
Bacteria antracis
Gram negative bacilli involved in the situation
Pseudomonas Ecoli Klebisells Enterobacter Haemophilus influenzas Actinobacter
Type of BSI
Intravascular
Extra vascular
What are the predisposing factors of theBSI
Immunosupression
Use of broad spectrum antibiotics
Use of central line
Extensive surgeries
What happens In the intravascular bsi
Infection of blood vessels
Endocarditis
Myocarditis
Pericarditis
What happens in the extra vascular bsi
Infections at primary site
They drained by the lymphatic
Entr the blood stream
Reaches organs and finally res
Escapes by several mechanism from res
And septicaemia
What is the portal of entry
Genito urinary tract most common
Respiratory tract
What is sofa score
It has 6 parameters
① central nervous system ~glass glow coma scale
2 respiratory system - respiratory system
3 cardiovascular system - map
4 liver- serum bilirubin
5 renal- serum creatinine and urine output
6 coagulation system- we cheack the platelet count
How can diagnosis the organ dis function based on sofa core
And what is sofa
Sepsis realated organ function assessment
If the sofa score is >2 infection present
Acute change in the sofa score equal or more than 2 points
What is quick sofa score
Respiratory rate more than 22
Altered mental status
Systolic bp< 100 mmhg
How many stages does bsi have
Bacterimia stage
Septemic stage
Clinical conditions are seen in only i the September stage
Based on the severity and extent of damage
We can see
Sepsis
Septic shock
What is sepsis definition
Life threatening organ disfunction
Caused by disregulated host response to the infection
Defination of septic shock
Here the subset of sepsis in which underlying circulatory abnormalities are profound
How can we indentify person. With septic shock
Persistent hypotension is there and to maintain map more than 60 we are in need of vasoressors
Lactic acid levels are also very high> 2 mmmol despite of volume resuscitation
Mortality rate of sepsis and septic shock respectively
10% and 40%
Steps of blood collection techniqu
Blood always collected in pairs means one aerobic and other anaerobic
Fro 2 different sites
With proper decontamination
Before antimicrobial Theraph
