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Microbiology > Blood Stream Infections > Flashcards

Blood Stream Infections Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Bacteremia

A

Presence of bacteria is called bacteraemia without multiplication

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2
Q

What is septicaemia

A

Presence of bacteria circulating in blood with multiplication and producing the toxins

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3
Q

How many types of bacteriamis are present

A

Transient
Intermidiate
Continuous

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4
Q

What is transient bacteria is

A

Occurs spontaneously after the event
After chewing
Instrumentation
After the brushing teeth

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5
Q

What is the continuous bacterimia

A

Organsims are present at constant rate

Occurs in
Septic shock
Endocarditis

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6
Q

What is the intermidiate bacterimia

A

Bacteria is released intermittently
Undrained absesces
Also seen in meningitis pneumonia osteomyelitis

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7
Q

What are the gram positive cocci involved in BSF

A

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus beta haemolytic
Enterococcus
Pnemococcus

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8
Q

Gram negative cocci in being

A

Meningococcus

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9
Q

Gram positive bacilli involved in the BSF

A

Lysteria

Bacteria antracis

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10
Q

Gram negative bacilli involved in the situation

A 
Pseudomonas
Ecoli 
Klebisells
Enterobacter
Haemophilus influenzas
Actinobacter
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11
Q

Type of BSI

A

Intravascular

Extra vascular

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12
Q

What are the predisposing factors of theBSI

A

Immunosupression
Use of broad spectrum antibiotics
Use of central line
Extensive surgeries

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13
Q

What happens In the intravascular bsi

A

Infection of blood vessels
Endocarditis
Myocarditis
Pericarditis

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14
Q

What happens in the extra vascular bsi

A

Infections at primary site

They drained by the lymphatic

Entr the blood stream

Reaches organs and finally res

Escapes by several mechanism from res

And septicaemia

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15
Q

What is the portal of entry

A

Genito urinary tract most common

Respiratory tract

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16
Q

What is sofa score

A

It has 6 parameters
① central nervous system ~glass glow coma scale
2 respiratory system - respiratory system

3 cardiovascular system - map

4 liver- serum bilirubin

5 renal- serum creatinine and urine output

6 coagulation system- we cheack the platelet count

17
Q

How can diagnosis the organ dis function based on sofa core

And what is sofa

A

Sepsis realated organ function assessment

If the sofa score is >2 infection present
Acute change in the sofa score equal or more than 2 points

18
Q

What is quick sofa score

A

Respiratory rate more than 22
Altered mental status
Systolic bp< 100 mmhg

19
Q

How many stages does bsi have

A

Bacterimia stage
Septemic stage

Clinical conditions are seen in only i the September stage

Based on the severity and extent of damage
We can see
Sepsis
Septic shock

20
Q

What is sepsis definition

A

Life threatening organ disfunction

Caused by disregulated host response to the infection

21
Q

Defination of septic shock

A

Here the subset of sepsis in which underlying circulatory abnormalities are profound

22
Q

How can we indentify person. With septic shock

A

Persistent hypotension is there and to maintain map more than 60 we are in need of vasoressors

Lactic acid levels are also very high> 2 mmmol despite of volume resuscitation

23
Q

Mortality rate of sepsis and septic shock respectively

A

10% and 40%

24
Q

Steps of blood collection techniqu

A

Blood always collected in pairs means one aerobic and other anaerobic
Fro 2 different sites
With proper decontamination

Before antimicrobial Theraph

25
Q

How much blood is collected from the adult

A

8-10 ml per bottle

26
Q

Blood for paediatric

A

1-3ml per bottle

27
Q

Ratio of blood : blood culture

A

1:1

28
Q

Steps of blood collection

A

Hand hygiene

Tourniquet

Palpate the vein and upside down 70%alcohol clean and wait 30 sec

Then chlorohexidine and povidone iodine disinfect the site inside out wait for 1min

Clean the tubes with alcohol

And draw the blood

29
Q

Types of media used are

A

Monophasic and biphasic

Monophasic here brain heart infusion is used

In biphasic BHi agar and broth both are used called Castaneda bi phasic medium

30
Q

Why sps is used

A

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate

Added as anticoagulant

Counteracts bacterial action on the blood

31
Q

How incubation is done

A

Bottles upright at 37*c for 7 days

Reports come in3 days
The. Subcultures are done on Mac conkey agar blood agar

32
Q

Vitek

A

It is a automated identification system other example is maldi

Microbiology (8 decks)

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