Sterile Procedures 10/29 Flashcards
Why are there universal precautions for healthcare
many places are at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens
also to prevent transfer of bacteria from one place to another
What are the universal precaustions
standard precautions, blood body fluid precautions, body substance isolation
based on CDC rec how are all samples human blood and OPIM to be handles
as if known to be infectious or bloodborne disease
What are OPIM
other potentially infecitous materials
semen, vaginal secretions, bodily fluids, saliva if blood present
any unfixed orfan or tissue
HIV or HBV cultures
blood and organs and tissues from other animals with HIV HBV or BBPs
risk of infection from bloodborne pathogen depends on what
pathogen involved
type/route of exposure
amount of virus in the infected blood at time of exposure
amount of infected blood involved in the exposure
whether post exposure Tx was taken
specific immune response
what is occupational exposure to BBPs
reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane or parenteral contact with blood or OPIM that could result from performance of an employees duties
what is an exposure inciden
specific contact with blood or OPIM that is capable of transmitting a bloodborne disease
most common health care exposure to BBP
needle stick!!
cute from contaminated sharps
contact of mucous membranes or skin with contaminated blood
when do needle sticks occur
40% after use but before disposal
40% during use
what is risk of infeciton after needle stick for : HBV HCV and HIV
HBV: 6-40%
HCV 1.8%
HIV 0.37%
what diseases can be transmitted from needle sticks
blastomycosis, brucellosis, cryptococcosis, diptheria, cutaneous gonorrhea, herpes, malaria, mycobacteria, mycoplasma caviae, rocky mountain spotted fever, sporotrichosis, s auresu, strep pyogenes, syphilis, toxo and TB
describe sharp disposal containers
closable, puncture resistant, leak proof, labeled or color coded
upright and convieniently placed in area where sharps used
what are the safer needle devices out there
sharps with engineered sharps injury protections
self-blunting needles
plastic capillary tubes
best way to minimize spread of disease
wash hands after each glove use and after exposure to anything
protocol for cleaning spills and broken glass/sharps contaminated with blood or OPIM
protective eyewear and mask
remove any sharps
properly discard all materials into biohazard waste container
use paper/absorbent towels to soak up spilled materials
lean with bleach and saturate with disinfectant leave for 10 minutes
