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PCM III > Resp/HEENT, King, 10 questions on exam part I > Flashcards

Resp/HEENT, King, 10 questions on exam part I Flashcards

1
Q

what is involved in head and face inspection

A 
shape of head
hair pattern and texture
head motion
expression of the face
movements of forehead,eyes,mouth
edema, puffiness or localized swelling, prominent features, hirsuitism
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2
Q

what can hair pattern and texure tell you about a patient

A

thyroid dysfunction

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3
Q

what can you detect in inspection as an effect of fetal alcohol syndrome

A

mild microcephaly

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4
Q

what syndrome has a broad nasal bridge

A

fragile X syndrome

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5
Q

what is characteristic of hurler syndrome

A

low nasal bridge

frontal prominence

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6
Q

characteristic of treacher collins syndrome

A

downward slanting of palpebral fissures
low set ears
micrognathia

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7
Q

characteristics acromegaly

A

elongated head
coarsened facial features
bony overgrowth of forehead, nose and lower jaw

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8
Q

characteristics of cushings

A

moon face
reddened cheeks
hirsuitism

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9
Q

characteristics of hypothyroidism

A

puffiness of the face

thinning and coarsening of eyebrows and hari

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10
Q

what do you inspect on ear exam

A

auricle for redness, lesions
canal for discharge, foreign bodies, redness swelling
TM for color and contour

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11
Q

what do you palpate on ear exam

A

auricle for massess or tenderness

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12
Q

where do you measure ear height

A

top of auricle should touch or be above a (imaginary) line between innter canthus of eye and most prominent protuberance of occiput

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13
Q

what is a preauricular pit

A

developmental defect in branchial arches

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14
Q

what is keloid

A

overgrowth of collagen in scar tissue

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15
Q

cauliflower ear

A

repeated blows to external ear
hematoma separates the cartilage from perichondrium
scar tissue fills the gap between the 2 layers

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16
Q

what is otitis externa

A

infeciton external canal

painful when auricle is pulled

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17
Q

common cause otitis externa

A

canal remaining moist and bacteria (pseudomonas)

18
Q

what is Tx otitits externa

A

ear drops

or solution 1 part vinegar and 3 parts water

19
Q

acute otitits media is dangerous in DM why

A

can spread and cause infection of soft tissues of base of skull called “malignant otitis externa”

20
Q

what is otitis media

A

bacterial infection of middle ear, one of most common reason for pediatric physician vist

21
Q

what can otitis media lead to

A

acute coalescent mastoiditis

22
Q

What is glue ear

A

middle ear filled with glue like fluid
common, idiopathic
fluid dampens vibrations decreasing hearing

23
Q

Tx glue ear

A

surgical usually, tiny cut in eardrum and fluid is drained and myringotomy tube is placed

24
Q

what is hemotympanum

A

colleciton blood in middle ear
visible through TM
head trauma!

25
Q

What can cause TM retraction

A

glue ear

26
Q

what is TM retraction

A

portion weakens and retracts into middle ear from negative pressure
hearing decreased

27
Q

What is rhinitis

A

inflammation lining of nose

runny itchy nose with sneezing and nasal congestion

28
Q

what can cause allergic rhinitis

A

Ag or group of Ag

29
Q

what is seasonal allergic rhinitis

A

pollen in air, sensitive patients have Sx during peak times of the year

30
Q

Most common type epistaxis

A

anterior, bleeding visible on inspection, usually kesselbachs plexus

31
Q

causes anterior epistaxis

A

airid climates, irritants, HTN, coagulopathies, drug use, cocaine

32
Q

when does posterior epistaxis occur

A

older patients with fragile vessles because of HTN atherosclerosis, coagulopathies, weakened tissue

33
Q

what is a deciated septum

A

condition whereby nasal septum is deviated laterally

can be congenital or secondary to trauma

34
Q

what can cause septal perforation and what is it

A

inhalation (snorting) of vasoconstrictive substances (cocaine)
any condition where blood supply to septum is chronically compromised

35
Q

What can cause sinusitis

A

anything that causes swelling in sinuses or keeps the cilia from moving mucus
can be change in temp or air pressure etc

36
Q

what is most common skin cancer

A

basal cell carcinoma

37
Q

characterisitc basal cell carcinoma

A

slow growing
in exposed areas
fair skinned individuals
over exposure to radiation, solar, XR

38
Q

how does SCC on lips appear

A

scaly crusting patch

39
Q

What are the 3 stages herpes simplex 1

A

1: asymptomatic
2: latent phase and migrates to DRG
3: physical or emotional stress causing recurrence

40
Q

What is peutz-jeghers syndrome

A

auto dom
melanin deposition of mucous membranes
multiple intestinal polyps
15 x increase in cancers in GI

PCM III (17 decks)

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