Resp/HEENT, King, 10 questions on exam part I

Question 1

what is involved in head and face inspection

Answer 1

shape of head
hair pattern and texture
head motion
expression of the face
movements of forehead,eyes,mouth
edema, puffiness or localized swelling, prominent features, hirsuitism

Question 2

what can hair pattern and texure tell you about a patient

Answer 2

thyroid dysfunction

Question 3

what can you detect in inspection as an effect of fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 3

mild microcephaly

Question 4

what syndrome has a broad nasal bridge

Answer 4

fragile X syndrome

Question 5

what is characteristic of hurler syndrome

Answer 5

low nasal bridge

frontal prominence

Question 6

characteristic of treacher collins syndrome

Answer 6

downward slanting of palpebral fissures
low set ears
micrognathia

Question 7

characteristics acromegaly

Answer 7

elongated head
coarsened facial features
bony overgrowth of forehead, nose and lower jaw

Question 8

characteristics of cushings

Answer 8

moon face
reddened cheeks
hirsuitism

Question 9

characteristics of hypothyroidism

Answer 9

puffiness of the face

thinning and coarsening of eyebrows and hari

Question 10

what do you inspect on ear exam

Answer 10

auricle for redness, lesions
canal for discharge, foreign bodies, redness swelling
TM for color and contour

Question 11

what do you palpate on ear exam

Answer 11

auricle for massess or tenderness

Question 12

where do you measure ear height

Answer 12

top of auricle should touch or be above a (imaginary) line between innter canthus of eye and most prominent protuberance of occiput

Question 13

what is a preauricular pit

Answer 13

developmental defect in branchial arches

Question 14

what is keloid

Answer 14

overgrowth of collagen in scar tissue

Question 15

cauliflower ear

Answer 15

repeated blows to external ear
hematoma separates the cartilage from perichondrium
scar tissue fills the gap between the 2 layers

Question 16

what is otitis externa

Answer 16

infeciton external canal

painful when auricle is pulled

Question 17

common cause otitis externa

Answer 17

canal remaining moist and bacteria (pseudomonas)

Question 18

what is Tx otitits externa

Answer 18

ear drops

or solution 1 part vinegar and 3 parts water

Question 19

acute otitits media is dangerous in DM why

Answer 19

can spread and cause infection of soft tissues of base of skull called “malignant otitis externa”

Question 20

what is otitis media

Answer 20

bacterial infection of middle ear, one of most common reason for pediatric physician vist

Question 21

what can otitis media lead to

Answer 21

acute coalescent mastoiditis

Question 22

What is glue ear

Answer 22

middle ear filled with glue like fluid
common, idiopathic
fluid dampens vibrations decreasing hearing

Question 23

Tx glue ear

Answer 23

surgical usually, tiny cut in eardrum and fluid is drained and myringotomy tube is placed

Question 24

what is hemotympanum

Answer 24

colleciton blood in middle ear
visible through TM
head trauma!

Question 25

What can cause TM retraction

Answer 25

glue ear

Question 26

what is TM retraction

Answer 26

portion weakens and retracts into middle ear from negative pressure hearing decreased

Question 27

What is rhinitis

Answer 27

inflammation lining of nose | runny itchy nose with sneezing and nasal congestion

Question 28

what can cause allergic rhinitis

Answer 28

Ag or group of Ag

Question 29

what is seasonal allergic rhinitis

Answer 29

pollen in air, sensitive patients have Sx during peak times of the year

Question 30

Most common type epistaxis

Answer 30

anterior, bleeding visible on inspection, usually kesselbachs plexus

Question 31

causes anterior epistaxis

Answer 31

airid climates, irritants, HTN, coagulopathies, drug use, cocaine

Question 32

when does posterior epistaxis occur

Answer 32

older patients with fragile vessles because of HTN atherosclerosis, coagulopathies, weakened tissue

Question 33

what is a deciated septum

Answer 33

condition whereby nasal septum is deviated laterally | can be congenital or secondary to trauma

Question 34

what can cause septal perforation and what is it

Answer 34

inhalation (snorting) of vasoconstrictive substances (cocaine) any condition where blood supply to septum is chronically compromised

Question 35

What can cause sinusitis

Answer 35

anything that causes swelling in sinuses or keeps the cilia from moving mucus can be change in temp or air pressure etc

Question 36

what is most common skin cancer

Answer 36

basal cell carcinoma

Question 37

characterisitc basal cell carcinoma

Answer 37

slow growing in exposed areas fair skinned individuals over exposure to radiation, solar, XR

Question 38

how does SCC on lips appear

Answer 38

scaly crusting patch

Question 39

What are the 3 stages herpes simplex 1

Answer 39

1: asymptomatic 2: latent phase and migrates to DRG 3: physical or emotional stress causing recurrence

Question 40

What is peutz-jeghers syndrome

Answer 40

auto dom melanin deposition of mucous membranes multiple intestinal polyps 15 x increase in cancers in GI