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PCM III > Renal Procedures > Flashcards

Renal Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

reading **

A

PCM lab manual page 170

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2
Q

urinalysis

A

assess systemic disorders - metabolic and endocrine

evaluate renal or urinary tract disease

prenatal evaluation

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3
Q

metabolic problems

A

likely to end up in urine

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4
Q

urinalysis methods

A

1 physical appearance
-color and clarity

2 dipstick

3 microscopic evaluation

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5
Q

male voiding sample

A

clean glans of penis

-collect mid-stream

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6
Q

female voiding sample

A

cleanse urethral meatus

collect mid-stream urine in sterile container

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7
Q

no voided sample of urinalysis**

A

vaginitis
menses
extremes in age
morbid obesity

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8
Q

patient cannot void

A

catheter urine sample

can also use needle - suprapubic

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9
Q

Puck

A

pediatric urine collection kit

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10
Q

pink urine

A

blood

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11
Q

orange urine

A

meds

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12
Q

blue-green urine

A

pseudomonas

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13
Q

brown/black urine

A

myoglobin
bilirubin
rhubarb
medication

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14
Q

cloudy urine

A

excess protein or cellular material

also with infection

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15
Q

state of hydration

A

specific gravity

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16
Q

diabetes or starvation

A

ketones

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17
Q

kidney disease or UTI

A

pH

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18
Q

kidney disease

A

protein

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19
Q

diabetes

A

glucose - threshold 180**

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20
Q

kidney disease, clot disorder, stone, cancer

A

blood in urine

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21
Q

liver damage

A

bilirubin

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22
Q

nitrites in urine

A

lots of bacteria

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23
Q

leukocyte esterase

A

UTI

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24
Q

leukocyte and nitrate positive

A

74% predictive value for UTI

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25
Q

negative leukocyte and nitrate

A

97% predictive value for NO UTI

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26
Q

micro eval of urinalysis

A 
WBC - infection
RBC
epithelial cells - contamination**
casts
crystals - kidney stones
bacteria or yeast infection
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27
Q

rare trace

A

<2 cells

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28
Q

occasional

A

1+

3-5 cells

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29
Q

frequent

A

2+

5-9 cells

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30
Q

many

A

3+

large amount of cells

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31
Q

TNTC

A

4+

packed field

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32
Q

RBC in urine

A 
bleeding disorder
cancer
glomerulonephritis
stones
exercise
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33
Q

WBC in urine

A

90% infections

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34
Q

RBC cast

A

glomerulonephritis

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35
Q

WBC cast

A

acute pyelonephritis

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36
Q

crystal formation

A

1 augmented concentration

calcium oxalate - supersaturation

2 decreased supersaturayion capacity

3 presence of crystals with promoter effect

37
Q

gout

A

uric acid crystals

38
Q

UTI

A

E. coli

39
Q

Cr clearance

A

with urine

40
Q

bence jones proteins

A

multiple myeloma

urine protein electrophoresis

41
Q

measure of fluid status

A

catheterization of bladder

42
Q

stricture of urinary tract

A

CI for catheter

43
Q

pelvic trauma

A

CI for catheter

fx pelvis

44
Q

complications of catheter

A

infection and hematuria

45
Q

foley catheter

A

2 ports - 1 is balloon

if it stays long time

46
Q

straight catheter

A

urine sample - brief catheter

47
Q

long term catheter

A

chronic retention
neurogenic bladder with retention
incontinent with complicated skin breakdown or infection
comfort measures for terminally ill

48
Q

suprapubic catheterization

A

generally males - longer urethra

if can’t do urethral catheter

49
Q

CI suprapubic catheterization

A

uncooperative pt
anti-coag tx
infection in this region of skin

50
Q

suprapubic catheterization procedure

A

1cm lateral 5cm above pubic symphysis**

insert directed inferiorly at 60 degrees

51
Q

percutaneous suprapubic aspiration

A

just to get out urine sample

not good for draining

52
Q

baldder scan

A

ultrasound
-can outline extent of bladder size

volume of bladder

53
Q

flow cystometry

A

two catheters inserted

fills bladder while other measures pressure

54
Q

cystoscopy

A

way of looking into bladder

need to anesthetize

55
Q

urinary incontinence or suspected tumor

A

cystoscopy

56
Q

CI of cystoscopy

A

UTI or pyelonephritis

57
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

X-ray of kidneys, ureters, bladder which uses contrast material - iodine based

stones, cancer, enlarged prostate

size of stones/tumors - difficult to measure

58
Q

start at

A

37 minutes

59
Q

suprapubic catheterization

A

generally males - longer urethra

if can’t do urethral catheter

60
Q

CI suprapubic catheterization

A

uncooperative pt
anti-coag tx
infection in this region of skin

61
Q

suprapubic catheterization procedure

A

1cm lateral 5cm above pubic symphysis**

insert directed inferiorly at 60 degrees

62
Q

percutaneous suprapubic aspiration

A

just to get out urine sample

not good for draining

63
Q

baldder scan

A

ultrasound
-can outline extent of bladder size

volume of bladder

64
Q

flow cystometry

A

two catheters inserted

fills bladder while other measures pressure

65
Q

cystoscopy

A

way of looking into bladder

need to anesthetize

66
Q

urinary incontinence or suspected tumor

A

cystoscopy

67
Q

CI of cystoscopy

A

UTI or pyelonephritis

68
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

X-ray of kidneys, ureters, bladder which uses contrast material - iodine based

stones, cancer, enlarged prostate

size of stones/tumors - difficult to measure

69
Q

start at

A

37 minutes

70
Q

suprapubic catheterization

A

generally males - longer urethra

if can’t do urethral catheter

71
Q

CI suprapubic catheterization

A

uncooperative pt
anti-coag tx
infection in this region of skin

72
Q

suprapubic catheterization procedure

A

1cm lateral 5cm above pubic symphysis**

insert directed inferiorly at 60 degrees

73
Q

percutaneous suprapubic aspiration

A

just to get out urine sample

not good for draining

74
Q

baldder scan

A

ultrasound
-can outline extent of bladder size

volume of bladder

75
Q

flow cystometry

A

two catheters inserted

fills bladder while other measures pressure

76
Q

cystoscopy

A

way of looking into bladder

need to anesthetize

77
Q

urinary incontinence or suspected tumor

A

cystoscopy

78
Q

CI of cystoscopy

A

UTI or pyelonephritis

79
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

X-ray of kidneys, ureters, bladder which uses contrast material - iodine based

stones, cancer, enlarged prostate

size of stones/tumors - difficult to measure

80
Q

extracorporeal lithotripsy

A

ESWL - to break up kidney stones

ultrasonic waves passed through body

pulverize into small fragments

81
Q

intracorporeal lithotripsy

A

patient under cystoscopy

laser to break stones

82
Q

infant circumcision

A

benefits outweight risks - american academy of pediatrics

83
Q

CI for circumcision

A

hypospadium or epispadius
-can use foreskin to relocate urethra

atypical genitalia - cant tell male or female

84
Q

gomco clamp

A

for circumcision

metal bell

best for good lookin dick.

85
Q

adult circumcision

A

phimosis, paraphimosi, recurrent balantitis

recurrent infections

CI - psych disorder

86
Q

adult circumcision complication

A

wound disruption with erection

87
Q

undesired fertility

A

indication for vasectomy

88
Q

CI for vasectomy

A

stress - divorce, financial

infection, coag disorder

PCM III (17 decks)

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