Steps of Glycolysis Flashcards
—– transports glucose into cell
1) —– to —– via —–, requiring —–
2) —– to —– via —–
3) —– to —– via —–, requiring —–
4) —– to —– and —– via —–
5) —– to —– via —–
6) —– to —– via —–, yielding —–
7) —– to —– via —–, yielding —–
8) —– to —– via —–
9) —– to —– via —–
10) —– to —– via —–, yielding —–
GLUT1 transports glucose into cell
1) glucose to G6P via hexokinase, requiring 1 ATP
2) G6P to F6P via phosphoglucoisomerase
3) F6P to F16P via phosphofructokinase, requiring 1 ATP
4) F16P to G3P and DHAP via aldolase
5) DHAP to G3P via triose phosphate isomerase
6) G3P to 1,3BG via glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, yielding 2 NADH total
7) 1,3BG to 3PG via phosphoglycerate kinase, yielding 2 ATP total
8) 3PG to 2PG via phosphoglycerate mutase
9) 2PG to PEP via enolase
10) PEP to pyruvate via pyruvate kinase, yielding 2 ATP total
rxn 1 type
phosphorylation
rxn 2 type
isomerization
rxn 3 type
phosphorylation
rxn 4 type
cleavage
(reverse aldol)
rxn 5 type
isomerization
rxn 6 type
oxidation via phosphorylation
rxn 7 type
oxidation via dephosphorylation
rxn 8 type
isomerization
rxn 9 type
dehydration
rxn 10 type
dephosphorylation
NADH abbreviation
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NAD+
FADH2 abbreviation
flavin adenine dinucleotide
FADH2
glycolysis net gain
2 ATP
2 NADH
glycolysis net gain
2 ATP
2 NADH
investment phase
rxn 1-5
payout phase
rxn 6-10
maintains gradient for GLUT1
negative charge on G6P - cannot leave cell
why F16P?
it is unstable and almost symmetrical
commitment step
rxn 3
F16P must proceed
aldolase Km
52
high affinity
rxn that doubles the investment
rxn 4
as G3P moves forward into rxn 6…
equilibrium shifts toward G3P, away from DHAP, until there is no more DHAP
captured by NAD+
hydride
first substrate-level phosphorylation
rxn 7
unstable and highly reactive due to enol group
PEP
second substrate level phosphorylation
rxn 10
rxn 1
rxn 2
rxn 3
rxn 4
rxn 5
rxn 6
rxn 7
rxn 8
rxn 9
rxn 10
glucose
G6P
F6P
F16P
F16P
G3P
DHAP
1,3BG
3PG
2PG
PEP
pyruvate
