Chp 6—Carbohydrates Flashcards
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D-ribose
a-D-ribofuranose
ribose
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D-glucose
a-D-glucopyranose
glucose
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D-galactose
a-D-galactopyranose
galactose
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D-fructose
a-D-fructofuranose
fructose
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D-ribulose
a-D-ribulofuranose
ribulose
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D-mannose
a-D-mannopyranose
mannose
a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-a-D-glucopyranose)
name
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maltose
a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->1)-a-D-glucopyranose
name
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trehalose
a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-B-D-fructofuranose
name
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sucrose
B-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucopyranose
name
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lactose
a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-a-D-glucopyranose
name
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isomaltose
starch structure
cellulose structure
3 C carb
triose
4 C carb
tetrose
5 C carb
pentose
6 C carb
hexose
sugar L configuation
bottom OH on the left
sugar D configuration
bottom OH on the right
anomers
alpha and beta forms of haworth projection
alpha haworth
lowest OH faces down
beta haworth
lowest OH faces up
5 mem ring
furanose
6 mem ring
pyranose
for D sugars, CH2OH is pointed…
up on C4 or C5
bottom OH on fischer becomes what on haworth?
ether oxygen
H goes to the alpha/beta OH
carbonyl O on fischer becomes what on haworth?
O of the OH
ribose classification
aldopentose
glucose classification
aldohexose
galactose classification
aldohexose
fructose classification
ketohexose
ribulose classifcation
ketopentose
mannose classification
aldohexose
disaccharide nomenclature
sugar-yl-(#C –> #C)-sugar
O linked glycosylation
on serione, threonine
N linked glycosylation
on asparagine
application of glycosylation
drug masking
2 types of polysaccharide
hetero
homo
examples of polysaccharides
starch
cellulose
peptidoglycan
chitin
glycogen
present on reducing sugars
hemiacetal group
OH on same C attached to ether O
special about reducing sugars
can be trapped in fischer projection form
3 tests for reducing sugars
Benedicts test
Fehling’s test
Tollens test
intensity of reducing sugar positive given by…..
number of hemiacetals exposed