Stems Continued Flashcards
Stems: Herbaceous Dicot Stems
Herbaceous meaning
Soft
Green
No cork
Stems: Herbaceous Dicot Stems
Vascular tissues in ___
Bundles
Stems: Herbaceous Dicot Stems
Vascular cambium creates xylem close to the ___
Center of stem
Stems: Herbaceous Dicot Stems
Vascular cambium creates ___ on the outer area of the stem
Phloem
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
Starts similar to herbaceous dicot stems until __ __is made
Cork cambium
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
Vascular cambium creates phloem ___
“Outside”
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
Vascular cambium creates a lot of ___
Xylem
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
In spring time, many vessel elements creates
Spring wood
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
In summer, many tracheids creates
Summer wood
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
Vascular rays: xylem ray
Ray through xylem
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
Vascular rays: phloem ray
Ray through xylem
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“Old xylem” location?
Xylem in the center of the stem and doesn’t function.
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“Old” xylem
Protoplasts in the parenchyma secrete ___ to plug tracheids and vessels
Tyloses
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“Old” xylem
Tyloses are made of ___ and ___
Resin and tannins
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“Old” xylem is also referred to as __wood
Heartwood
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“New” xylem location?
Away from the center
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“New” xylem
Functioning xylem = ___wood
Sapwood
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“New” xylem
Hardwood =
More fibers and vessels
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“New” xylem
Softwood =
Less fibers and vessels
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“New” Phloem location?
All tissues between the vascular cambium and cork cambium.
Stems: Woody Dicot Stems
“New” Phloem
“Bark” definition
Cork + phloem
Stems: Monocot Stems
Vascular bundles location?
Scattered throughout the stem
Stems: Monocot Stems
Do they have vascular cambium?
Do they have cork cambium?
No
No
Stems: Monocot Stems
Levels of cells from outside in?
Epidermis -> schelerenchyma -> parenchyma
Stems: Monocot Stems
Vascular bundles: “Forehead”
Phloem
Stems: Monocot Stems
Vascular bundles: “Eyes + nose”
Xylem
Stems: Monocot Stems
Vascular bundles:”mouth”
Air space
Stems: Specialized Stems
Rhizomes orientation, location, purpose
Horizontal
Underground
Storage
Stems: Specialized Stems
Runners orientation and purpose
Horizontal
Propogation, seek resources
Stems: Specialized Stems
Runners create ____ roots
If underground they are called ___
Adventitious
Stolons
Stems: Specialized Stems
Tubers location and purpose?
Underground
Storage stem
Stems: Specialized Stems
Bulbs definition
Large terminal buds surrounded by fleshy leaves
Stems: Specialized Stems
Corms are almost all __ tissue surrounded by __ leaf layers
Stem
Thin
Stems: Specialized Stems
Corm purpose (2)
Propogation
Storage
Stems: Specialized Stems
Cladophylls description
How are they stems?
Flattened and leaf-like
Axillary buds
Stems: Specialized Stems
“Some” Tendrils description and purpose?
Stringy for climbing
