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Botany Lecture Unit 2 > Kingdom Protista - Supergroup Archaeplastida > Flashcards

Kingdom Protista - Supergroup Archaeplastida Flashcards

1
Q

Kingdom Protista characteristics

A

Polyphyletic group

No synapomorphy

“Eukaryotes that dont fit inother kingdoms”

Focus on algae

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2
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida

Synapomorphy

A

Common origin of chloroplast

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3
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Growth habits?

A

Filamentous, plates, spheres, nets, “leaves”

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4
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Ancestor of Kingdom ___

A

Plantae

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5
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

General characteristics (2)

A

Food stored as starches

Chlorophyll b

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6
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Chlamydomonas

__ __ years old

A

1 billion

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7
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Chlamydomonas

Physical appearance (3)

A

Planktonic

Tiny - 1/3 diameter of RBC

Eye spot (light vs dark)

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8
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Chlamydomonas

2 Key characteristics

A

Cup shaped chloroplast (synapomorphy)

1 large pyrenoid

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9
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Chlamydomonas

Sexual life cycle

A
  1. Haploid gametes fuse into zygote
  2. Zygote grows into zygospore
  3. Zygospore does meiosis to create 4 haploid zoospores
  4. Zoospores mature into adults
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10
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Ulothrix

Characteristics (2)

A

FIlamentous

All cells are identical except holdfast

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11
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Ulothrix

Asexual life cycle (3)

A
  1. Haploid filament cell does mitosis to create zoospores
  2. Zoospores swim away and setlle
  3. Zoospores grow into adults
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12
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Ulothrix

Sexual life cycle (6)

A
  1. Haploid filament does meiosis to create gametes
  2. Gametes fuse (fertilization) to create zygots
  3. Zygote settles
  4. Zygote does meiosis to create 4 distinct haploid zoospores
  5. Zoospores swim away and settle
  6. Zoospores do mitosis to create filament
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13
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Spirogyra

Description

A

Slimy, filamentous algae

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14
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Spirogyra

Key characteristics (2)

A

Spiral chloroplasts (synapomorphy)

Many small pyrenoids scattered throughout

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15
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Spirogyra

Asexual life cycle

A

Fragmentation

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16
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Spirogyra

Sexual life cycle (5)

A
  1. Adjacent filaments create conjugation tube
  2. DNA-containing protoplast migrate to another cell
  3. Protoplasts fuse into zygote
  4. Diploid zygote does meiosis to produce 4 haploid daughter cells
  5. 3 daughters die, remaining 1 does mitosis to create new strand
17
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Oedogonium

Description (2)

A

Filamentous algae

Epiphyte

18
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Oedogonium

Key characteristics (2)

A

Net-like chloroplasts (synapomorphy)

Many small pyrenoids

19
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Oedogonium

Asexual life cycle

A

Fragmentation or mitosis to create zoospores

20
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Oedogonium

Sexual life cycle (5)

A
  1. Adults are haploid
  2. Antheridium creates 2 spem cells OR oogonium creates 1 egg cell
  3. Fertilization
  4. Zygote does meiosis to create 4 haploid zoospores
  5. Zoospores swim away, settle, create new strands via mitosis
21
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Other genera (3)

A

Genus Volvox

Genus Ulva

Genus Acetabularia

22
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Volvox =

23
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Ulva =

A

“Sea lettuce” “leafy”

24
Q

Supergroup Archaeplastida - Phylum Chlorophyta

Genus Acetabularia =

A

“Mermaid’s wine glass”

Cells up to 2 inches long

Botany Lecture Unit 2 (13 decks)

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