Stem Cells

Question 1

process

Answer 1

sterilisation, zygote mitosis, blastocyst rolls to uterus

Question 2

sterilisation

Answer 2

two gametes combine

Question 3

zygote

Answer 3

fertilised egg

Question 4

blastocyst

Answer 4

ball of cells

Question 5

trophoblasts

Answer 5

outer cell mass becoming amniotic sack

Question 6

middle cell mass becomes. . . .

Answer 6

placenta/ umbilical cord

Question 7

inner cell mass becomes . . .

Answer 7

embryo

Question 8

embryonic stem cells

Answer 8

first 7 stages of the zygote undergoing mitosis, undifferentiated, produce high amount, used for diagnosis and treatment

Question 9

e.g. embryonic stem cell treatment

Answer 9

transplantation of beta cells to produce correct amount of insulin

Question 10

adult stem cells

Answer 10

differentiated, specialised to a body part

Question 11

e.g. of adult stem cell treatment

Answer 11

skin grafts, replacement of dead/ damaged cells, treating leukaemia

Question 12

differentiation

Answer 12

process of identical cells turning different proteins on/off, becoming specialised for different functions/ sub cellular structures

Question 13

cloning

Answer 13

production of identical offspring via asexual reproduction

Question 14

issues with cloning

Answer 14

difficult, as differentiation is permanent, controversial

Question 15

stem cell therapy

Answer 15

inner pluripotent cell mass (embryo) collected, specialised, transplanted

Question 16

pros/cons of stem cell therapy

Answer 16

makes use of abortion product, treat high range, test drugs, unethical, seen as murder