stem Flashcards
support and elevation of leaves, fruits, and flowers
stems
transport absorbed water and minerals to different parts of the plant
stem
transport the product of photosynthesis
stem
types of stems
- woody
- herbaceous
are stems with secondary growth; ie, having wood with a combination of living and non-living cells exterior to the cambium
woody stem
functions of woody stem
- provides structural support
- store reserves
- facilitate nutrient transport
are soft and flexible and are found typically on annuals
herbaceous stems
functions of herbaceous stems
- provide support
- photosynthesis and nutrient support
- storing reserves
why dicots have woody stems and most monocots have herbaceous stems?
Dicots often have woody stems because they undergo secondary growth, producing vascular tissues that increase stem diameter. This growth results in the formation of wood. Most monocots, on the other hand, exhibit primary growth only, leading to herbaceous stems without the development of secondary tissues like wood.
what are the modified stem functions
- storage
- support
- protection
- reproduction
modified stem functions (types of storage)
- rhizome
- tuber
- bulb
- corm
modified stem function (support)
tendrils
modified stem function (protections)
thorns
modified stem function (reproduction)
stolon / runners
grows horizontally underground, it has nodes and internodes
rhizome
use to store starches and proteins and enable plants to perennate underground
rhizome
arise as swollen-ends of stolon
tuber
store carbohydrates/ food underground to survive a drought or cold period
tuber
consists of a stem from which modified fleshy leaves develop; the fleshy leaves are circular and hollow; new leaves develop within the older leaves
bulb
store carbohydrates for growth and kepp buds underground; helps plant survive adverse conditions above ground
bulb
relatively solid modified stem that has a few fleshy leaves
corm
store starches to fuel growth and help plants survive unfavourable conditions
corm
a slender whiplike or threadlike strand, produced usually from the node of a stem, by which a vine or other plants may climb
tendrils
provides support and allows other plants to find an area within more light to grow
tendrils
appears as hard, woody, sharp outgrowths that protect the plant
thorns
protect the plants from herbivores
thorns
a stem that grows along the ground surface
stolon or runners
aids in vegetative propagation
stolon or runners
