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NatSci 131 > leaves > Flashcards

leaves Flashcards

1
Q

any usually flattened green outgrowth from the stem of a vascular plant

A

leaves

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2
Q

function of leaves

A

to produce food for the plant by photosynthesis

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3
Q

kinds of leaves

A

monocot and dicot

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4
Q

are elongated, slender with parallel veins

A

monocot

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5
Q

possess “branching veins”

A

dicot leaves

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6
Q

netted venation

A

dicot leaves

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7
Q

parallel venation

A

monocot leaves

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8
Q

veins run parallel to each other or run parallel to the midrib

A

parallel venation

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9
Q

is singular and never divided into smaller leaflet units. it is always attached to a twig by its stem or the petiole

A

simple leaf

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10
Q

has leaflets, which are attached to the middle vein and have their own stalks

A

compound leaf

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11
Q

a bunch of single leaves, all attached to the main stem called a rochis, which in turn is attached to a twig

A

compound leaf

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12
Q

types of compound leaves

A
  • pinnately compound leaves
  • bi-pinnately compound leaves
  • tripinnately compound leaves
    -palmately compound leaves
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13
Q

the term “pinnation” refers to the process in which multi-divided leaflets arise from both sides of the rachis

A

pinnately compound leaves

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14
Q

rachis divisions on pinnately compound leaves in which leaflets sprout in pairs along the rachis without a single terminal leaflet

A

even-pinnately compound leaves

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15
Q

there is a single terminal leaflet at the top of the structure rather than a terminal pair of leaflets
known as imparipinnate

A

odd-pinnately compound leaves

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16
Q

(double compound) leaves are twice divided; the leaflets are arranged along a secondary vein, which is one of the several veins branching off the middle vein

A

bipinnately compound leaves

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17
Q

leaves are thrice divided, the leaflets themselves are bipinnate in the arrangement

A

tripinnately compound leaves

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18
Q

has its leaflets radiating outwards from the end of the petiole, like fingers of the palm of a hand

A

palmately compound leaves

19
Q

use to describe the arrangement of leaves arounf the stem

A

phyllotaxy

20
Q

types of phyllotaxy

A
  • alternate phyllotaxy leaves
  • opposite phyllotaxy leaves
  • whorled phyllotaxy leaves
21
Q

is the most common type of leaf arrangement. the leaves are arranged in an alternate fashion. this means that each leaf will arise from a different node from the side

A

alternate phyllotaxy leaves

22
Q

a type of leaf arrangement in which a pair of leaves arise at each node opposite to each other

A

opposite phyllotaxy leaves

23
Q

is when two or more leaves develop at each node.
- each node has 3 or more leaves arising from them

A

whorled phyllotaxy leaves

24
Q

importance of phyllotaxy

A

it is important for efficient light capture, reduced shading, and optimal spacing between leaves. This arrangement maximizes a plant’s ability to photosynthesize, contributing to its overall growth and productivity.

25
Q

distinguish between a leafy branch and a compound leaf other than the presence of axillary bud

A

A leafy branch typically refers to a branch that bears individual, simple leaves along its length. Each leaf in a leafy branch is attached separately to the stem or twig. In contrast, a compound leaf consists of multiple leaflets attached to a common leaf stalk or rachis.

26
Q

types of modified leaves

A
  • storage
  • support
  • protection
  • reproduction
  • attraction
  • additional photosynthesis
  • absorption
27
Q

are modifed to store water and nutrients for the plant

A

storage

28
Q

types of storage

A
  • fleshy and thickened leaves
  • bulbs
29
Q

often reffered to as succulents. these plants are adopted to store water in their leaves and stems, allowing them to thrive in arid environments

A

fleshy and thickened leaves

30
Q

are extended leaf bases in some species, function as food storage that enable a plant to lie inactive when water is scarce

A

bulb

31
Q

are modified for climbing and support

A

support

32
Q

types of support

A
  • tendrils
  • hooks
  • floaters
  • supporting leaf bases
33
Q

to protect plants from herbivores

A

protection

34
Q

types of protection

A
  • motile leaves
  • leaves reduced to spine
  • spiny leaves
35
Q

allows plants to reproduce asexually

A

reproduction

36
Q

buds or plantlets grow at leaf margins, bases and apices

A

vegetative propagation

37
Q

attract pollinators

A

attraction

38
Q

types of attraction

A

colored bracts

39
Q

types of additional photosynthesis

A
  • expanded leaflike petiole
  • expanded leaflike stipules
40
Q

absorbs nutrients from others aside photosynthesis

A

absorption

41
Q

types of absorption

A
  • insect-trapping leaves
  • thin uncutinized epidermis
42
Q

uptake nutrients from captured prey

A

insect-trapping leaves

43
Q

importance of plant modification

A

Plant modification is crucial for the survival and success of plants in diverse environments. It includes adaptations in structures, reproductive strategies, and defense mechanisms, allowing plants to optimize resource use, enhance reproductive success, and thrive in challenging conditions.

NatSci 131 (13 decks)

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