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Med surg > STDs > Flashcards

STDs Flashcards

1
Q

health consequences of STDs

A
  • cancer
  • infertility
  • ectopic pregnancy & miscarriage
  • persistent pain & sexual dysfunction
  • vaginal dryness
  • itchiness
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2
Q

why are teens at higher risk of STDs?

A
  • multiple partners
  • unprotected sex
  • pool of disease in age group
  • may select partners at higher risk
  • alcohol & drug use
  • lack of insurance
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3
Q

STDs on minorities

A
  • race is not a risk factor, but likely a marker for other factors
  • STDs disproportionately affect Blacks & Latinos
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4
Q

bacterial STIs

A
  • gonorrhea
  • chancroid
  • granuloma inguinale
  • bacterial vaginosis
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5
Q

spirochete STIs

A

-syphillis

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6
Q

chlamydial STIs

A
  • NGU
  • epididymitis
  • cervicitis
  • PID
  • lymphogranuloma venereum
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7
Q

protozoal STIs

A

trichomoniasis

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8
Q

fungi STIs

A

candidiasis

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9
Q

parasite STIs

A
  • pediculosis pubis

- scabies

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10
Q

viral STIs

A
  • herpes genitalis
  • hep B
  • cytomegalovirus
  • condylomata acuminata
  • molluscum contagiosum
  • AIDS
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11
Q

Chlamydia

A
  • Chlamydia Trachomatis
  • also affects rectum & throat
  • most common bacterial STD
  • highest among 15-19yrs old
  • highest amoung AA and Latino
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12
Q

Chlamydia-HIV connection

A
  • increased susceptibility to HIV if infected with Chlamydia

- increased ability to transmit HIV if co-infected with Chlamydia

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13
Q

transmission of Chlamydia

A
  • semen, vaginal secretions
  • vaginal, anal, & oral
  • mother to infant during childbirth (vaginal delivery)
  • vaginal douching may predispose women to Chlamydia
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14
Q

symptoms of Chlamydia

A
  • “silent epidemic”
  • incubation period is about 7-21 days
  • affects urethra, cervix, rectum, eye, and throat
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15
Q

male symptoms of Chlamydia

A

most often infects the urethra

  • white, cloudy, or watery discharge from penis
  • burning while peeing
  • symptoms come slowly
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16
Q

female symptoms of Chlamyia

A

most often affects the cervix

  • increase/change in vaginal discharge
  • yellow discharge
  • redness of cervix
  • “cervical friability”
  • urethral infection (burning)
  • lower abd pain
  • n/v, fever, bleeding between periods
17
Q

Chlamydia - rectal infections

A

often asymptomatic, but may cause discharge & painful defecation

18
Q

Chlamydia - eye infections

A
  • conjunctivitis
  • caused by infectious genital secretions in the eye, usually by hang to eye contact, or during oral sex
  • symptoms: inflammation with redness, a foreign body sensation and a discharge from the eye
19
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

A
  • females
  • infection spreads: cervix into uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries = causing inflammation, scarring & abscessed tubes - usually associated with douching
  • 40% of women with untreated Chlamydia with get PID
20
Q

PID symptoms

A
  • subtle or none at all
  • steady pain in lower abd
  • fever, chills
  • abnormal vaginal discharge
  • unusual bleeding or spotting
  • extreme bleeding & pain during menstruation
  • pain during intercourse, peeing, or pooping
  • cramps
  • back pain
21
Q

PID can lead to….

A
  • infertility
  • ectopic pregnancy
  • chronic pelivc pain
22
Q

Chlamydia & Pregnancy

A
  • can cause premature delivery

- 33-75% will pass Chlamydia to their newbown & can lead to conjunctivitis & pneumonia

23
Q

Epididymitis

A
  • males
  • untreated cases of chlamydia may cause this
  • chlamydia infection spreads to epididymis (sperm maturity location)
  • sterility is both epididymides are scarred & sperm can’t get thru
24
Q

symptoms of Epididymitis

A
  • pain to scrotum
  • tenderness
  • swelling of testicles
  • fever
25
Q

lab tests to diagnose Chlamydia

A
  • cell culture *** gold standard
  • direct fluorescent antibody
  • enzyme immunoassay
  • nucleic acid probe
26
Q

tx of Chlamydia

A

A. antibiotics needed for a full wekk
B. azithromycin (one dose); doxycycline (2-3x/day for 7 days)
C. ofloxacin; eryythromycin; amoxicillin
D. pt-delivered partner therapy

27
Q

Lymphogranuloma Venereum

A
  • caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis
  • transmitted during intercourse & contact with exudate from active lesions
  • it begins as a small, painless genital lesion, & spread via lymph nodes to the genital & rectum
  • it can spread via blood to CNS
28
Q

s/s of Lymphogranuloma Venereum

A
  • fever, chills, H/A, meningitis-like symptoms, anorexia, myalgia, & arthralgia
  • marked inflammation resulting in necrosis, buboes of inguinal lymph nodes abscess
29
Q

complications of Lymphogranuloma Venereum

A
  • strictures
  • fissures
  • constipation
  • perirectal abscesses
  • rectovaginal & perianal fistulas

Med surg (11 decks)

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