STDs Flashcards
health consequences of STDs
- cancer
- infertility
- ectopic pregnancy & miscarriage
- persistent pain & sexual dysfunction
- vaginal dryness
- itchiness
why are teens at higher risk of STDs?
- multiple partners
- unprotected sex
- pool of disease in age group
- may select partners at higher risk
- alcohol & drug use
- lack of insurance
STDs on minorities
- race is not a risk factor, but likely a marker for other factors
- STDs disproportionately affect Blacks & Latinos
bacterial STIs
- gonorrhea
- chancroid
- granuloma inguinale
- bacterial vaginosis
spirochete STIs
-syphillis
chlamydial STIs
- NGU
- epididymitis
- cervicitis
- PID
- lymphogranuloma venereum
protozoal STIs
trichomoniasis
fungi STIs
candidiasis
parasite STIs
- pediculosis pubis
- scabies
viral STIs
- herpes genitalis
- hep B
- cytomegalovirus
- condylomata acuminata
- molluscum contagiosum
- AIDS
Chlamydia
- Chlamydia Trachomatis
- also affects rectum & throat
- most common bacterial STD
- highest among 15-19yrs old
- highest amoung AA and Latino
Chlamydia-HIV connection
- increased susceptibility to HIV if infected with Chlamydia
- increased ability to transmit HIV if co-infected with Chlamydia
transmission of Chlamydia
- semen, vaginal secretions
- vaginal, anal, & oral
- mother to infant during childbirth (vaginal delivery)
- vaginal douching may predispose women to Chlamydia
symptoms of Chlamydia
- “silent epidemic”
- incubation period is about 7-21 days
- affects urethra, cervix, rectum, eye, and throat
male symptoms of Chlamydia
most often infects the urethra
- white, cloudy, or watery discharge from penis
- burning while peeing
- symptoms come slowly
female symptoms of Chlamyia
most often affects the cervix
- increase/change in vaginal discharge
- yellow discharge
- redness of cervix
- “cervical friability”
- urethral infection (burning)
- lower abd pain
- n/v, fever, bleeding between periods
Chlamydia - rectal infections
often asymptomatic, but may cause discharge & painful defecation
Chlamydia - eye infections
- conjunctivitis
- caused by infectious genital secretions in the eye, usually by hang to eye contact, or during oral sex
- symptoms: inflammation with redness, a foreign body sensation and a discharge from the eye
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
- females
- infection spreads: cervix into uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries = causing inflammation, scarring & abscessed tubes - usually associated with douching
- 40% of women with untreated Chlamydia with get PID
PID symptoms
- subtle or none at all
- steady pain in lower abd
- fever, chills
- abnormal vaginal discharge
- unusual bleeding or spotting
- extreme bleeding & pain during menstruation
- pain during intercourse, peeing, or pooping
- cramps
- back pain
PID can lead to….
- infertility
- ectopic pregnancy
- chronic pelivc pain
Chlamydia & Pregnancy
- can cause premature delivery
- 33-75% will pass Chlamydia to their newbown & can lead to conjunctivitis & pneumonia
Epididymitis
- males
- untreated cases of chlamydia may cause this
- chlamydia infection spreads to epididymis (sperm maturity location)
- sterility is both epididymides are scarred & sperm can’t get thru
symptoms of Epididymitis
- pain to scrotum
- tenderness
- swelling of testicles
- fever
lab tests to diagnose Chlamydia
- cell culture *** gold standard
- direct fluorescent antibody
- enzyme immunoassay
- nucleic acid probe
tx of Chlamydia
A. antibiotics needed for a full wekk
B. azithromycin (one dose); doxycycline (2-3x/day for 7 days)
C. ofloxacin; eryythromycin; amoxicillin
D. pt-delivered partner therapy
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
- caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis
- transmitted during intercourse & contact with exudate from active lesions
- it begins as a small, painless genital lesion, & spread via lymph nodes to the genital & rectum
- it can spread via blood to CNS
s/s of Lymphogranuloma Venereum
- fever, chills, H/A, meningitis-like symptoms, anorexia, myalgia, & arthralgia
- marked inflammation resulting in necrosis, buboes of inguinal lymph nodes abscess
complications of Lymphogranuloma Venereum
- strictures
- fissures
- constipation
- perirectal abscesses
- rectovaginal & perianal fistulas
