menopause Flashcards
1
Q
menopause
A
- physiologic cessation of menses associated with declining ovarian function
- 42-58 years old
- may occur earlier due to illness, surgery, radiation, chemo, or drugs
- high BMI, smoking, ethnic factors, & stress linked to earlier menopause
- gradual changes in menstrual flow
2
Q
s/s of menopause
A
- increased, decreased, or irregular menses
- irregular bleeding
- bloating
- cramping
- water retention
- fatigue
- decreased mental clarity
- diminished concentration
- HA
- vagnial dryness
- hot flashes
- night sweats
3
Q
physiological response of menopause is related to
A
- decreased # of maturing ovarian follicles
- decreased estrogen & progesterone
- ovaries become unresponsive to pituitary hormones
- ovaries atrophy
4
Q
phases of menopause
A
- peri menopause
- menopause
- post menopause
5
Q
peri menopause
A
- normal life transitions that being with the first signs of change in menstrual cycle
- lasts about 15-20 years
- erratic hormonal fluctuation
- irregular vaginal bleeding
- body makes transition between fertility & infertility
6
Q
post menopause
A
time of a woman’s life after menopause
7
Q
most critical changes in peri menopausal period
A
- increased risk of CAD
- osteoporosis
8
Q
vasomotor s/s of menopause
A
- hot flashes & irregular menses
- night sweats
- increased heat production
- genitourinary atrophy
9
Q
vaginal s/s of menopause
A
- decreased in secretion & estrogen
- dyspareunia
- decreased bladder capacity
- decreased urethral tissue tone
10
Q
musculoskeletal s/s of menopause
A
- increased muscle & joint pain
- menopausal women may lose 2-3%/year
- redistribution of fat
11
Q
bone loss in menopause
A
- osteoporosis: loss of bone densities in the skeletal systems
- 1/3 will have vertebral fx by age 65
12
Q
cardiovascular s/s of menopause
A
-increased heart disease
13
Q
dermatological s/s of menopause
A
- decreased collagen in skin
- breast tissue smaller & less elastic
14
Q
psychological s/s of menopause
A
- may be related to stressors of midlife or sleep deprivation
- women report: depression, irritability, cognitive problems
15
Q
medically/surgically induced menopause
A
- physiological changes associated with declining ovarian function
- can be induced at any age
- removal of ovaries
- injury to blood vessels causing atrophy of the ovaries
- ablation of ovaries with chemicals or pelvic irradiation
