Stats

Question 1

Outline the steps for Chi Square

Answer 1

1) work out the row total, column total and overall total
2) work out the expected freq. for each cell using (r total X c total) / overall total
3) work out the calculated/observed value using (observed - expected)2 / expected
4) work out critical value by using df. which is (r-1) X (c-1)
* observed value>critical value

Question 2

Outline the steps of Mann Whitney U:

Answer 2

1) rank all the data
2) add up the ranks from c1 and c2
3) to get the calculated/observed value use the smallest sum of r1 or r2
4) to get the critical value use the number of ppt’s
* critical value > observed value

Question 3

Outline the steps of Sign Test:

Answer 3

1) identify if you are conducting one-tailed hypothesis or two-tailed hypothesis
2) identity the level of significance
3) identify the number of ppt’s
4) add another column to show the flow of direction +- ignoring no changes
5) to get the calculated/observed value add up the sum of the least significant sign
6) the critical value is at the insertion of the level of significance identified and the number of ppt’s

Question 4

Outline the steps for Wilcoxon

Answer 4

1) Find the differences of data for each ppt from the 1st condition and 2nd condition
2) Rank the DIFFERENCES ignoring 0 or (-) signs
3) Add up the least frequent +/- DIFFERENCE for the calculated/observed value
4) Use the number of differences for the critical value

Question 5

Outline the steps for Sign Test

Answer 5

1) Establish whether you are using one-tailed hypothesis or two-tailed hypothesis
2) Establish the level of significance
3) Establish the number of ppt’s
4) Add a column to indicate the flow of direction +/-
5) For the calculated/observed value add up the least freq. sign +/-
6) Use the number of ppts for the critical value