STATES OF MATTER- separation

Question 1

filtration

Answer 1

usually using filter paper and a funnel for larger particles

INSERT DIAGRAM

Question 2

distillation

Answer 2

using a distillator INSERT DIAGRAM

• heat up solution
• pure water vapor rises
• cools and condenses in cooling tube, surrounded by cold water
• pure water comes out

Question 3

fractional distillation

Answer 3

using a distillator in the form of a long column with several condensers coming off at different heights
(because each substance has a different boing point temp
1- heated oil goes in at bottom where its hot (350*c)
2- LARGE MOLECULES come out bottom, they have…
- high boiling point
- not very volatile
- doesnt flow easily
- doesnt ignite easily
3- SMALL MOLECULES come out top, they…
- have a low boiling point
- very volatile
-flows easily
- ignites easily

Question 4

evaporation

Answer 4

when a liquid is heated up o the particles vibrate (because they have heat energy) so turn into a less dense gas.
because each substance has a different mp/bp they will evaporate at different times.

• evaporating dish
• gauze
• tripod
• bunsen burner

Question 5

chromatography

Answer 5

used to separate mixtures of colored compounds using chromatography paper.

Question 6

separating funnel (immiscible liquids)

Answer 6

leave 2 liquids to settle and separate, with the denser liquid at the bottom, run the tap and the denser liquid will run first eg water & oil