State & Federal Oversight For Disease Prevention & Eradication

Question 1

State and Federal agencies/employees that participate in maintaining livestock health in the U.S.

Answer 1

State:
- Dept. of Agriculture
- Dept. of Health
- Laboratory networks

Federal:
- US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA)
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- Animal and Plant Health inspection (APHIS)
- Department of Homeland Security
- Center for Disease Control (CDC)
- Military

Question 2

What are state Vets responsible for?

Answer 2

• protecting animal health and wellbeing in the states they serve
• enforce regulations pertaining to animal import permits and animal welfare
• ensuring the safety of meat and poultry products intended for human consumption

Question 3

What is epidemiology?

Answer 3

The study of distribution and determinants of health-related events (including disease) and application of this study to control diseases and other health problems

Question 4

What is the USDA responsible for?

Answer 4

• Animal disease surveillance
• disease eradication programs
• veterinary accreditation
• animal health monitoring
• endorsement of health certificates

Question 5

One-Health approach

Answer 5

Working at local, national, and global levels to achieve optimal health and well-being outcomes and recognizing the connection between animals, plants, and humans, and their shared environment

Question 6

International Collaboration in One Health includes:

Answer 6

World Health Organization (WHO)
Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO)
World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)

Question 7

What is a reportable disease?

Answer 7

A disease that, by law, must be reported to a state/and or federal animal or public health officials when it is SUSPECTED or DIAGNOSED

Question 8

Why is reporting diseases important?

Answer 8

It helps identify disease outbreaks, limit the spread and minimize any economic and health impacts

Question 9

what is disease surveillance?

Answer 9

ongoing systematic collection, collation, analysis, and interpretation of data and dissemination of information to those who need to know so that action can be taken.

Question 10

What is bioterrorism?

Answer 10

the deliberate use of pathogens to cause illness/death in people or animals

Question 11

What is considered Category A diseases?

Answer 11

Highest priority bc they can cause result in major public destruction, high mortality rates

Question 12

What are some examples of category A diseases

Answer 12

Anthrax, ebola, smallpox, and plague

Question 13

What kind of regulations are there for import/export

Answer 13

• CVI
• Permanent identification
• Permit for entry
• Additional testing, vaccination, or certificate

Question 14

What is a CVI?

Answer 14

Certificate of Veterinary Inspection

Question 15

What does a CVI indicate?

Answer 15

Animal is VISIBLY free of disease, cannot be 100% confirmed disease FREE

Question 16

Disease control

Answer 16

reduction of disease incidence and prevalence, morbidity/mortality are at a locally acceptable level

Question 17

What is incidence?

Answer 17

The number of new cases within a time period

Question 18

What is prevalence?

Answer 18

total number of cases during a given time period

Question 19

What is disease elimination?

Answer 19

Reduction to zero of incidence of a specified disease in a defined geographical area as a result of deliberate efforts

Question 20

Eradication of disease

Answer 20

Permanent reduction to zero of worldwide incidence

Question 21

What are some US disease control and eradication programs?

Answer 21

A combination of testing, culling, and vaccination

National Poultry Improvement Plan
National Scrapie Eradication Program
Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Eradication Program
Pseudorabies

Question 22

What is Rinderpest?

Answer 22

All even-toed ungulates are susceptible
Fever, discharge, swelling
Has a high mortality
Typically spread by direct contact
Has been eradicated