stalin ECONOMY Flashcards
when was the 1st five year plan?
1928-32
when was the 2nd five year plan?
1933-37
when was the 3rd five year plan?
1938-41
when was the 4th five year plan?
1946-50
when was the 5th five year plan?
1951-55
what did the 1st plan focus on?
coal, steel and iron
what were two plants that were developed in the 1st plan?
Magnitogorsk and Gorki
how much did Magnitogorsk grow by?
25 - 250,000 people in 3 years
what were workers often housed in?
tents and huts
how were Gulags used?
converted into mines, railway construction and other projects
what was the most notable gulag project in the 1st plan?
the White Sea Wall project
180,000 prisoners by 1932
what % of the workforce was skilled in 1933
17%
what were the groups of ideal workers used by the government and one example?
Shock brigades - Alexei Stakhanov
what did workers in the 1st plan rely on for motivation?
revolutionary attitudes
why did production increase under the 2nd and 3rd plans?
use of technical expertise and new industrial centres
what areas grew in production under the 2nd and 3rd plans?
chemical industry and coal industry
what project was completed under the 2nd and 3rd plans?
the Dnieper Dam
what % growth rate was there in 1928-41?
17% - But progress unbalanced
what was the 3rd plan focused on mostly?
the defence industry
what was the 4th plan focused on?
economic reconstruction around the war
what industries were especially successful in the 4th plan?
metal industry and heavy engineering
what % of investment went into heavy industry in the 4th plan?
88% and production increased by 80%
what did the war benefit for the soviet’s in the 4th plan
- they were able to use Eastern Europe
- large amounts of machinery was taken from East Germany (most was rusted and not working)
what was the user by the government in the 4th plan for reconstruction?
wartime labour efforts
what ensured workers had the basic skills in the 4th plan?
retraining programmes
the plan was ___________ but problems persisted and ___________ ___________ remained neglected
overfulfilled
consumer industries
what was made with Eastern European countries?
trade agreements - very soviet sided (almost one sided)
what was the 5th plan set out to do?
continue growth at a slower and more realistic rate
what did the Cold war cause for the 5th plan?
increase in expenditure as military budget increased
what were large amounts of reasources directed into in the 5th plan?
building of grandiose projects - the Volga-Don Canal - used reasources that could have been for housing
what began to increase from 1948?
living standard
what eased living condition in the 5th plan?
- price reductions (1952)
- real wages for urban workers reached 1928 levels
what remained low after the war in the 5th plan?
agricultural production and labour problems continued
