lenin SOCIAL

Question 1

what happened to all people aged 16-30 in War Communism?

Answer 1

it was compulsory for them to either work or fight - in return they received a work card entitleing them to social benefits

Question 2

what was in control of rationing of food and fuel?

Answer 2

Prodaspred

Question 3

what amenities were provided to urban workers?

Answer 3

• housing
• transport
• laundries
• crèches

Question 4

why did war communism fail socially?

Answer 4

• rations were insufficient
• by 1920 workers began to abandon factories
• the urban population fell by 25%

Question 5

why did unemployment increase under the NEP?

Answer 5

• soldiers coming back were demobilised
• workers were sacked to increase efficiency
• free crèches abandoned making it harder for women to work
  by 1924 18% of population were unemployed

Question 6

what social benefits developed under NEP?

Answer 6

• social insurance (disability, maternity, unemployment and medical) benefits
• investment in education

Question 7

what happened to literacy in the civil war?

Answer 7

• Trotsky introduced literacy classes in the Red Army (by 1925 all soldiers were literate)
• Lunacharsky set up Reading Rooms (6 week literacy courses)

Question 8

what happened to literacy under the NEP?

Answer 8

• there was an anti-illiteracy campaign in 1925 to remove illiteracy by 1927
• only 4% illiteracy in Metal Workers Union by 1926
• only 1% illiteracy in Transport Workers Union by 1927
• literacy rates were at 55% by 1928