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Histopathology > STAINING > Flashcards

STAINING Flashcards

1
Q

The application of dyes on tissue sections to study the architectural patterns and physical characteristics of cells

A

Staining

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2
Q

Affinity of nucleus is on _____ stains

A

Basic

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3
Q

Affinity of cytoplasm is on ____ stains

A

Acidic

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4
Q

Groups of Tissue staining

A

Histologic staining
Histichemical staining
Immunohistochemical staining

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5
Q

A grouo of staining which has a direct interaction eith a dye or staining solution

A

Histologic

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6
Q

A grouo of staining for the study if tissue constituentd through their chemicsl reactions

A

Histochemical staining

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7
Q

A group of staining which is a combination of immunologic and histochemical techniques

A

Immunohustochemical staining

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8
Q

A group of staining that detects phenotypic markers

A

Immunohistochemical staining

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9
Q

Methods of Staining

A
  1. Direct staining

2. Indirect staining

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10
Q

A method of staining that uses a mordant

A

Indirect staining

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11
Q

Term use to describe something that serves as a bridge or link between the tissue and the dye

A

Mordant

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12
Q

It hastens the staining reaction by increasing the staining power and selectivity of dye

A

Accentuator

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13
Q

A staining that is in definite sequence and with specific periods of time or until desired color is attained

A

Progressive staining

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14
Q

Staining process that overstains

A

Regressive staining

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15
Q

Staining with a color different from that of the stain itself

A

Metachromatic staining

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16
Q

Staining used for contrast and background

A

Counter staining

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17
Q

Selectively stsining of living cell constituents

A

Vital stains

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18
Q

2 types of vital staining

A

Intravital staining and

Supravital staining

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19
Q

Injecting the dye in any part of the animal body

A

Intravital staining

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20
Q

Used after removal of stains from the living body

A

Supravital staining

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21
Q

Best vital dye

A

Neutral red

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22
Q

Term used for coloring substances

A

Stains

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23
Q

2 categories of stains

A

Natural

Synthethic

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24
Q

Natural dyes

A
  1. Hematoxylin
  2. Cochineal dyes
  3. Orcein
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25
Q

A natural dye extracted from coccus cacti or a female cochineal bug

A

Cochineal dyes

26
Q

Demonstrates a bright red color of glycogen

A

Cochineal dyes with aluminum chloride or Best Carmine

27
Q

Active coloring of hematoxylin

A

Hematin

28
Q

2 types of ripening

A

Natural Ripening

Artificial Ripening

29
Q

Ripening that exposes the substance to sunlight or air

A

Natural Ripening

30
Q

Ripening that uses chemical oxidation

A

Artificial ripening

31
Q

Natural dye extracted from Lichens

A

Orcein

32
Q

A natural dye that is source od Litmus paper

A

Orcein

33
Q

Aka Aniline dyes or Coal Tar dye

A

Synthethic dyes

34
Q

Substance added to chromogen by altering its shade that enables retaining of color

A

Auxochrome

35
Q

3 groups of Synthethic dyes

A
  1. Acid dyes
  2. Basic dyes
  3. Neutral dyes
36
Q

A grou of synthetic dye that the coloring substance is found in acid component

A

Acid dyes

37
Q

A grou of synthetic dye that the coloring substance is found in basic component

A

Basic dye

38
Q

A group if synthethic dye that is formed by combining aqeous solutions of acid and basic dyes

A

Neutral dyes

39
Q

Routi ely used in H&E staining

A

Aluminum hematoxylin

40
Q

A staining solution that uses Iron salts as mordant and a ripening agent

A

Iron hematoxylin

41
Q

It is the standard Iron hematoxylin

A

Weigert’s hematoxylin

42
Q

A hematoxylin stain for frozen sections

A

Loyez hematoxylin

43
Q

Mordant used in Tungsten hematoxylin

A

1% aqeous phosphotungstic acid

44
Q

Hematoxylin Stain for spermatogenesis

A

Copper hematoxylin

45
Q

A red acid dyeroutinely used as counterstain after hematoxylin and before methylene blue

A

Eosin

46
Q

3 forms of Eosin

A
  1. Yellow (Eosin Y) - most common
  2. Eosin B, erythrosin B - deeper red
  3. Eosin S, ethyl eosin - soluble in alcohol
47
Q

Also known as Van Gieson’s stain

A

Acid-Fuschin-Picric acid

48
Q

Also known as Masson stain

A

Acridine orange

49
Q

What color is DNA in acridine orange

A

Green fluorescence

50
Q

What color is RNA in acridine orange

A

Red fluorescence

51
Q

For staining hemoglobin

A

Benzidine

52
Q

Stain for blood, blood parasites, Borrelia

A

Giemsa stain

53
Q

Oldest stain

A

Iodine

54
Q

Used in removing mercuric fixative

A

Iodine

55
Q

2 types of iodine

A
  1. Gram’s iodine - microorganisms

2. Lugol’s iodine - glycogen, amyloid, corpora

56
Q

Stains for Fat

A
  1. Oil soluble dyes or lysochromes
  2. Sudan Black B - most sensitive
  3. Sudan IV or Scharlach R - most commonly used
  4. Sudan III - first Sudan Dye
57
Q

Other fat stains

A

Oil red O -neutral fats
Osmic acid- unsaturated fats
Nile blue sulfate method - differentiates two lipids

58
Q

Solvents used for staining

A

Water
Alcohol
Aniline water
Phenol

59
Q

Stain for Negri Bodies

A

Schleifsteins

60
Q

First general stain for EM

A

Phosphitungstic acid

61
Q

Stain for M. Leprae

A

Farraco

62
Q

Stains for EM

A

Phosphotungstic acid
Uranyl acetate
Lead

Histopathology (9 decks)

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