Stages of Learning

Question 1

What are the 3 stages of learning?

Answer 1

Cognitive
Associative
Autonomous

Question 2

Describe a cognitive learner and how they would learn a skill:

Answer 2

Novice
Needs to create a mental picture, using demonstrations
Demonstration should be brief and learner should be attentive
Trial and error when first performing the skill
Positive feedback used as reinforcement for success
Specific feedback to correct errors

Question 3

Give a practical example of a cognitive learner learning a skill:

Answer 3

Badminton player

Needs to understand how to perform a serve, watch good demos, and then practice with good feedback

Question 4

Describe an associative learner and how they would learn a skill:

Answer 4

More consistent but still room to improve
Makes fewer errors
Motor programmes developed, sub-routines improved to become more smooth
Internal and external feedback given

Question 5

Give a practical example of an associative learner learning a skill:

Answer 5

Badminton player
More consistent with serve
Focus on getting serve closer and lower over the net
Learner can detect errors internally

Question 6

Describe an autonomous learner and how they would learn a skill:

Answer 6

Mastered the skill
Perform skill with little conscious thought
Can then concentrate on other factors
Motor programmes stored in LTM
Less need for external feedback

Question 7

Give a practical example of an autonomous learner learning a skill:

Answer 7

Badminton player
Consistently serve accurately
Can adapt more sophisticated strategies