Stages Of Development Flashcards
ID EGO SUPEREGO
ID: basic instinctual drives and pleasure seeking
EGO: attempts to mediate between ID and reality
SUPEREGO: reflects internalization of cultural rules usually learned from parents
Oral
Birth- 1 year
Anal
1-3 years. Controlling bowel and bladder movements. Too much pressure on toilet training can make someone type A later in life. Opposite can lead to messy behavior.
Phallic
3-6 years. Become aware of gender identity.
Latent
6-puberty. Dormant sexual feelings. Social skills and values and relationships with peers and adults outside of family.
Genital
Puberty- adulthood. Libido is active.
Assimilation
Incorporation of new information into existing schemas
Accommodation
Modification of existing schemas
Adaptation
Result of assimilation and accommodation
Sensorimotor
Birth- 2 years. Children learn through sensory input and action. Includes object permanence. Causality. Symbolic thought.
Preoperational
2-7 years key characteristic is the SYMBOLIC FUNCTION which allows the child to learn through the use of mental images, language and other symbols that represent objects that aren’t present.
symbols and representation.
Concrete Operational
(7-11)- children capable of performing mental operations using LOGIC and ABSTRACT thinking. Classify and problem solve in more sophisticated ways.
Formal Operational Stage
11+ think abstractly, hypothetically and in a relativistic way. Thinking about thinking. some return to EGOCENTRICISM during this stage.
Trust vs Mistrust
(0-18 months)- trust between infant and caregiver. Failiure can lead to pervasive mistrust of others OR dependency on other’s authority (mistrusting others or themselves)
AUTONOMY VS SHAME + DOUBT
(18 months to 3 years): toddler’s task is to achieve a sense of independence.
INITIATIVE VS GUILT
(3-6 years)- set goals and carry out plans without infringing on others rights. If they do it wrong or exert too much control they could feel guilty which could lead to them struggling to make plans or set goals in the future.
INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY
(6-12 years) - Develop competence by going to school and making friends- needs to feel supported in this endeavor
IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION
(12-18): learn roles they will occupy as an adult while developing a sense of personal identity. explore various identities within peer relationships. Success looks like the teenager feeling comfortable with others who have varying values while remaining true to their own identity. If this doesn’t work out then they may feel role confusion or a weakened sense of self.
INTIMACY VS ISOLATION
18-40: form intimate relationships. Commitment and care. If this doesn’t work out this can lead to isolation, loneliness, and feeling excluded.
GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION
(40-65)- participate in activities that give individual a sense of purpose such as career, raising children, creating positive changes that benefit others. Otherwise they may feel useless and rejected.
EGO INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR
(65-death)- look back on life and feel fulfillment and accomplishement. Accept success and failure, aging and loss. Otherwise despair, guilt, depression, hopelessness.
AUTISTIC STAGE
newborn to 1 month: infant purely focused on self and unresponsibve to external stimuli
SYMBIOTIC STAGE
1-5 Months; infant begins to perceive the need satisfying object, the. mother’s ego functions for the infant. Infant begins to understand mother is separate.
SEPARATION-INDIVIDUATION
5-24 months- infant begins to develop an understanding of hte boundaries of self and they start to see their mother as a separate individual. Develop sense of self.
Differentiation 5-9 months; inward focus to outward focus
Practicing 9-14 months; autonomous ego functions become more apparent
rapprochement 14-24 months; infant begins to want to act independently
object constancy after 24 months- infant internalizes their moterh and begins to understand that their mother still exists despite absence
