DSM Flashcards
AUTISM vs Social Communication Disorder
autism will show up between 0-5
deficiency in social reciprocity
stereotyped repetitive behaviors
special interest
hyper or hypo sensitivity to sensory
social communication disorder
impaired social communication only
SPECIIC LEARNING DISORDERS vs ADHD
very intelligent child who is struggling with a specific learning issue
rule out learning disorders when diagnosing ADHD
ADHD symptoms need to be present before age 12 and there need to be more 2 or more contexts where there are issues
issues with organization and attention — interrupting
hyperactivity
PICA vs RUMINATION DISORDER
PICA is persisent eating of non food substances
rumination disorder is repeated regurgitation of food
language disorder vs childhood onset fluency disorder
language diorder: they have a hard time building a vocabulary, children use simple sentences and struggle with anything longer than a 5 word sentence
childhood onset fluency disorder: stuttering
both disorders come up from ages 0-5
Tourettes vs persistent motor/vocal tic disorder
tourettes: motor and vocal tics
Persistent Motor/vocal tic disorder: only motor or vocal tic not both
Encopresis vs Enuresis
Encopresis: poop in bed or clothes
Enuresis: urination in bed or clothes
ages 5 or older
Separation Anxiety Disorder vs GAD
anxiety around separation from significant caregiver
GAD: anxiety about more other things
Selective Mutism vs Social Anxiety Disorder
selective mutism: fails to speak in a particular situation, but they may speak in other situations
Social Anxiety Disorder: anxiety in social situations
Reacetive ATtachment Disorder vs Disinhibited Soicla Engagement Disorder
reactive is not attached and disinhibited social engagement disorder is overly attached to anyone
persistent neglect or abuse or multiple caregivers (foster care)
Reactive ATtachmetn Disorder/failure to thrive: child is very withdrawn. Don’t seek comfort and don’t respond to comfort.
disinhibited: no boundaries- attach to a lot of people
***Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) vs Conduct Disorder vs Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
ODD: defiant, problems with authority, won’t comply with directions
Conduct Disorder: law breaking acitivty, stealing, vandalism, initiating fights, aggressive, destroying property, lack of remorse
Disruptive Mood: what people used to call bipolar in children— diagnosed up to age 17— chroniccally irritable/moody/ temper tantrums at least 3 times a week
BRIEF psychotic Disorder vs Schizophreniform vs Schizophrenia
brief psychotic disorder:
symptoms for up to 1 month
Schizophreniform: 1-6 months
Schizophrenia: over 6 months
Delusions (beliefs that are false) bizarre vs non bizarre delusions
Hallucinations - visual vs auditory
disorganized speech
negative symptoms- flat affect
Depressive disorder vs unspecified depressive disorder vs persisent depressive disorder
major depressive disorder: symptoms present for at least 2 weeks
dark mood. lack enjoyment in things (anhedonia). can’t enjoy things they once foujnd enjoyable. lack of motivation. Change in appetite. SI.
Unspecified: doesnt fit full criteria
Persistent Depressive Disorder: depressed mood for at least 2 years as an adult of 1 year as a child. Not as deep as major depressive disorder. It’s like unspecified but chronic. Chronically mildly depressed.
BIPOLAR 1 BIPOLAR 2 vs Cyclothymic
bipolar 1: manic phase: elevated mood that leads to impairment for at least 1 week…can also be irritabiltiy …grandiosity
Bipolar 2- at least 1 episode of major depression and hypomania
Cyclothymic Disorder: synmptoms present for at least 2 years— hypo manic and low level depressive alternating
UNSPECIFICIED DEPRESSIVE DISORDER VS unspecified mood disorder vs unspecified bipolar disorder
mood disorder: shift in mood but you can’t say it’s depression or anxiety
Schizoaffective Disorder vs Bipolar Disorder 1 with psychotic features
schizoaffective: psychotic features present all the time and the mood comes in and out
bipolar with psychotif features means the mood disorder is always present and the psychosis comes in and out
pay attention to whcih word is first
Bereavement vs Major depressie disorder vs adjustment disorder with depressed mood
beareavement: grieving loss of loved one
major depression can be diagnosed with bereavement if they’re having issues with bio functioning
adjustment disorder is not usually diagnosed with bereavement - but its in reaction to something happenign in someones environment- can be wtih depressed mood or anxiety - recent life stressor— symptoms must be present within 3 months of stressor
acute adjugment disorder would last less than 6 months
6 months or longer then its persistent adjustment disorder in response to a chronic stressor
Bereavement vs Prolonged Grief Disorder
bereavement is normal after death of a loved one
if severe impairment for 12 months or more then it’s prolonged grief disorder
Panic Disorder vs Agoraphobia
panic: afraid it will happen again— feeling like you’re dying
Agoraphobia is fear of goijng out in public
OCD vs Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
OCD: obsessive worry about something and then compulsive actions
OCPD: a true perfectionist - very controlling and rigid- making sure everythign is in perfect order in their room— they may not realize this is an issue
PTSD vs Acute Stress disorder vs adjustment disoder with anxiety
PTSD and acute stress disorder same symptoms but for acute stress the symptoms need to hapeen within a month and PTSD is after 1 month
GAD vs anxiety disorder unspecified
GAD issues over 6 months with biological functioning
unspecified:
DELIRIUM VS MAJOR NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER VS MILD
delirium can last just a few hours to a day
neurocognitive disorders are dementia etc.. and mild means they can still function and major means they need a lot of help
SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDER VS ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER VS FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER
Somatic Symptom the person has a health issue— severe health related anxiety on top of their health issue- persistent concern abotu medical seriousness of their symptoms
illness anxiety disorder they might nto have intense symptoms, might be mild symptoms, but they’re really worried they have a serious health issue— a hypochondriac
Functional NEurological disorder:: somatisizing emotional issues — manifesting a physical problem due to a psychological stressor
FICTITIOUS vs BY PROXY vs MALINGERING
FICTITIOUS
someone who wants to be sick and keeps going to docotr to be taken care of
BY PROXY
make someone else appear sick— like a parent who keeps taking their child to the doctor— or makes them sick \
MALINGERING
faking an illness to get out of something
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder vs Dissociative Amnesia vs Dissociative Identity Disorder
dissociative amnesia would be something in great times of stress where they’re not remembering basic things
Insomnia Disorder vs Hypersomnolence Disorder
hypersomnolence: excessive sleepiness— groggy and tired
Nightmare Disorder s Non Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Disorder
non rapid eye movement sleep disorder is sleep terrors and sleep walking and they dont remember what happened
nightmare disorder they will remember their nightmares
intermittent explosive:
anger issue
Paranoid Personality Disorder vs Delusional Disorder vs Schizophrenia
paranoid: irrational suspicious and distrust of others, pervasive, hard time maintaining friendships— hold grudges
delusional disorder: bizarre or non bizarre delusions— only delusions, nothing else
schizophrenia— the above but also hallucinations and catatonia and other things
Schizod personality disorder vs Avoidant Personality Disorder vs Major Depressive Disorder
schizoid personality disorder: loners. no interest in social relationships. withdrawn. Flavors of depression.
Major depressive: they might start to withdraw but not all the time
Avoidant Personality: they’re lonely not a loner. They want to connect with others but are socially inhibited. FEel inadequate and sensitive.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder vs Schizophrenia
Schizotypal Personality disorder: thought to be a precursor to schizophrenia. Odd behavior or thinking. Believe in aliens. Think the news is talking to them. Weirdos. Magical Thinking.
Schizophrenia: would require psychotic epsisode.
Antisocial Personality Disorder vs Narcisstic Personaltiy Disoder
antisocial: at least age 18, and there needs to be evidence of conduct disorder before age 15, disregard and violation of hte rights of others since age 15, law breaking behavior, repeeated lying for personal profit or pleasure, aggressive
Narcisstic: grandiose. Lack of empathy. Superior. Perpetrators of domestic violence.
Borderline Personality Disorder vs Histrionic Personality Disorder
borderline: instabiltiy in relationships. extreme relationships. black and white thinking. fear of abandonment. don’t want to be rejected. Suicidal Behavior. Emptiness, rage.
Histrionic: pervasive attention seeking
Obsesive Comopulsive Personality Disorder vs Dependent Personality Disorder
OCPD: rigid conforming to rules, moral codes, and excessive orderliness
Dependent personality: difficulty making decisions without advice or reassure from other people. Hard time doing things on their own.
