Research

Question 1

Control Group

Answer 1

group of research participants that does not receive the new treatment being studied

Question 2

Experimental/Intervention Group

Answer 2

subjects who are matched and compared with control group- subject to specific variable being tested

Question 3

Randomized Controlled Trial

Answer 3

experimental design that measures the effect of intervention by randomly assigning participants to either an experimental/itnervention group or control group.

Question 4

Quasi Experimental Design

Answer 4

quasi means resembling
resembles a randomized control trial, but does not include random assignment to a control or experimental group.
instead it allows research to control assignment to the treatment and control groups using criteria other than random assignment
used in field research when random assignment is difficult or not possible

Question 5

single subject design

Answer 5

where the subject serves as their own control rather than using another individual/group
an assessment is made before and after the treatment

Question 6

retrospective design

Answer 6

in retrospective design participants are asked to look back and remember what they were like at an earlier time point

Question 7

cross sectional design

Answer 7

researchers collect data at a single point in time from participants of different ages

Question 8

longitudinal design

Answer 8

same people are measured at differetn ages

Question 9

cross sequential design

Answer 9

combination of cross sectional and longitudinal. At first point groups of people from different ages are measured. Then the groups are followed over time.

Question 10

correlation

Answer 10

mutual relationship between two variables that are related; a change in one variable is associated with a change in the other variable
positive correlation between height and weight
correlation does not always mean causation

Question 11

independent variable

Answer 11

when performing an experiemtn we look at the effect of the independent variable has on the dependent variable.
this is the variable that is changed in an experiment

Question 12

dependent variable

Answer 12

the variable tested and measured in a scientific experiment
the dependent variable is DEPENDENT on the independent variable
as the experimentr changes the independent variable the effect ont he dependent variable is observed and recorded
someone is testing the effect of a new antidepressant- the new medication is the independent variable and the level of depression is the dependent variable

Question 13

inter rater reliability

Answer 13

degree to whcih different people give similar scores for the same observations, refers to the consistency of.a measure

Question 14

literature review

Answer 14

Proces of searching published work to find out what is already known about a resarch topic

Question 15

mean

Answer 15

average

Question 16

median

Answer 16

middle score

Question 17

mode

Answer 17

most frequent value

Question 18

null hypothesis

Answer 18

a statement that no relationship exists between study variables

Question 19

pretest

Answer 19

questionnaire or other data gathering instrument administred toa subject just before ea period of inquiry that provide sa baseline for comparison with the end results

Question 20

postest

Answer 20

a questionnaire or other data gathering instrument administered to a subject at the end of a specific period of inquiry

Question 21

pilot study

Answer 21

procedure for testing and validating a questionnaire or other instrument by administering it to a small group of respondents from intendede test population. procedure helps determine whether the test items possess desired qualities of measurement and the ability to discriminate other problems before the instrument is put to widespread use

Question 22

construct validity

Answer 22

degree to which instrument measures the characteristic being investigated

Question 22

validity

Answer 22

degree to which a tool measures what it claims to measure

Question 23

internal validity

Answer 23

confidence that can be places in the cause and effect relationship in a study

Question 24

external validity

Answer 24

extent to whcih an effect in research can be generalized to other populations, settings, and treatment variables

Question 25

concurrent validity

Answer 25

extent to which results of a particular test or measurement, correspond to thsoe of a previously established measurement for the same construct

Question 26

predictive validity

Answer 26

involves testing a group of subjects for a certain construct

Question 27

reliability

Answer 27

overall consistency of a measure. Higher reliability indicates a measure will produce statistically similar results under consistent experimental conditions.

Question 28

objective data

Answer 28

data that you can measure. includes things like age, number of times a behavior occurred, blood pressure, temp etc objective data should be an unbiased observation/measurement

Question 29

subjective data

Answer 29

data that is given from the viewpoint of the client and is not measurable…how a person feels or their pan level

Question 30

qualitative research

Answer 30

includes inductive, in depth studies of indivdiuals, groups etc… focuses on the WHY and HOW of decision making

Question 31

quantitative research

Answer 31

systematic investgiations that include descriptive or inferential statistical analysis