stages of attatchment

Question 1

asocial

Answer 1

first few weeks
baby show some preference for familiar adults.(individudals who find it easier to calm them) babies are also happier in the presence of other humans.

Question 2

indiscriminate

Answer 2

2-7 months
babies display more observable social behaviour
preference for people > inanimate objects
recognise and prefer familiar adults
do not show separation anxiety or stranger anxiety

Question 3

discriminate / specific

Answer 3

7 months
majority of babies start to display anxiety towards strangers
anxious when speerated from a particular adult (65% mom)
specific attachment = primary attachment figure
most responsive to babies needs

Question 4

multiple

Answer 4

shortly after 7 months babies start to show attachment behaviour towards one adult they extend this attatchment to other adults
in Schaffer and Emerson 29% of the children had secondary attachments within a month of forming primary attachments .
around one year majority of infants developed multiple attachments

Question 5

studying the asocial stage
limitation

Answer 5

during this stage important interactions happen , however babies are immobile and have poor coordination . therefore hard to make any judgements based on observation of behaviour .
Childs feelings and cognitions may be highly social but the evidence cannot be relied on

Question 6

multiple attachments research
limitation

Answer 6

unsure when this occurs
- bowlby 1969
his research indicates that most if not all babies form attachments to a single main care giver before they become capable of developing multiple attachments
- van ijzerdoorn et al 1993
believe babies form multiple attachments from the outset ei collectivist cultures because families work together jointly in everything .

Question 7

measuring multiple attatchment
limitation

Answer 7

problem with how it is assessed
just because a baby is distressed when an individual leaves the room does not mean that the baby has roped an attachment
- bowlby 1969
expresses that children have playmates swell as attatchment figures and may get distressed when a play mate leaves , does not signify atttacthment
Schaffer and Emerson stages do not give us a way to distinguish between behaviour shown towards secondary attachment figures and playmates