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Microbiology 2: Mycology and Virology > ssDNA: Parvoviridae; dsRNA: Reoviridae > Flashcards

ssDNA: Parvoviridae; dsRNA: Reoviridae Flashcards

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1
Q

These are the smallest of the DNA viruses.

A

Parvoviridae

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2
Q

(T/F) The Parvoviridae virsuses have small enveloped icosahedral capsid.

A

F (nonenveloped/naked)

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3
Q

What is the genome of the Parvoviridae?

A

Linear ssDNA

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4
Q

What is the genus of the Parvoviridae?

A

Human Erythrovirus

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5
Q

This is known as the principal pathogen within the family of Parvoviridae

A

Parvovirus B19

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6
Q

This is the most commonly recognized syndrome of tha parvoviruses; a.k.a fifth disease.

A

Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of the prodromal phase of the Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)?

A 
Fever
Headache
Malaise
Myalgia
Nausea
Vomiting
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8
Q

After the prodoromal phase of the Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease), _____ often appears.

A

Rash

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9
Q

This is characterized with a cutaneous rash that gives a “slapped-cheek” appearance and then spreads to the trunk and limbs. Subsides after 1-2 weeks.

A

Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)

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10
Q

What is the appearance of the rash produced by Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)?

A

Slapped-cheek appearance

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11
Q

Once the rash produced by Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease) subsides, can recur after exposure to what factors?

A

Heat and sunlight exposure

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12
Q

in Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease), what additional symptoms can adults experience?

A

Arthralgia

Arthritis

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13
Q

(T/F) Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease) is almost always fatal and causes complications.

A

F (Rarely fatal and w/o complications)

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14
Q

This is a self-limited erythropoietic arrest caused by the Parvovirus B19

A

Transient aplastic crisis

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15
Q

This is a disease caused by the parvovirus B19 characterized by a decrease in RBC production in the bone marrow.

A

Transient aplastic crisis

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16
Q

(T/F) Transient aplastic crisis can result in chronic anemia; it is not severe nor fatal.

A

F (Short-lived anemia; severe, sometimes fatal)

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17
Q

What complications can occur when infected with Transient aplastic crisis?

A 
Viremia
Thrombocytopenia
Granulocytopenia
Pancytopenia
Flu-like symptoms
Congestive heart failure
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18
Q

In Transient aplastic crisis, recovery of the patient occurs after 1 week and _____ occurs.

A

Reticulocytosis

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19
Q

This is also called Fetal fatal anemia. It is an intrauterine infection of a fetus

A

Hydrops fetalis

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20
Q

This is an infection of the fetus wherein erythrocyte precursors are killed, causing anemia and congestive heart failure.

A

Hydrops fetalis

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21
Q

(T/F) There is evidence that B19 causes congenital abnormalities in Hydrops fetalis.

A

F (No evidence)

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22
Q

This is a chronic type of anemia characterized by a decreased hemoglobin level.

A

Pure red cell aplasia

23
Q

What are the methods for lab diagnosis used when there is a parvovirus infection?

A

PCR - sensitive. useful in viremia
Tissue biopsy/Bone marrow
Serologic testing for IgM (Recent infection)

24
Q

This is a novel virus, described in 2005 by Allander et al.

A

Human bocavirus (HBoV)

25
Q

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is closely related to these two diseases under the genus Bocavirus.

A

Bovine parvovirus

Canine minute vires

26
Q

What is the genus of the Bovine parvovirus and Canine minute vires, which are closely related to the Human bocavirus (HBoV)?

A

Bocavirus

27
Q

Human bocavirus (HBoV) causes what type of infections?

A

Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)

Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)

28
Q

Human bocavirus (HBoV) has been increasingly present as a co-infection to what viruses?

A

Respiratory syncytial virus

Human metapneumovirus

29
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of the Human bocavirus (HBoV)?

A 
Cough
Conjunctivitis
Difficulty breathing
Diarrhea
Rhinorrhea
Rash
Fever
30
Q

What is the genome of the Reoviridae?

A

dsRNA

31
Q

(T/F) The reoviridae has an enveloped,complex, icosahedral capsid

A

F (Nonenveloped/naked)

32
Q

What are the two genera of the Reoviridae?

A

Rotavirus

Coltivirus

33
Q

These are naked/nonenveloped viruses with icosahedral capsules; measure about 75nm in diameter with two protein layers surrounding the capsid (Double-shelled capsid).

A

Rotaviruses

34
Q

What is the genus of the Rotavirus?

A

Rotavirus

35
Q

These are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and children.

A

Rotaviruses

36
Q

What is the mode of transmission of the Rotaviruses?

A

Fecal-oral route

37
Q

How long is the incubation period of the Rotaviruses?

A

1 - 4 days

38
Q

This is a major cause of infant mortality and the failure of young children to thrive.

A

Gastroenteritis

39
Q

What are the sudden onset of symptoms of the Rotaviruses?

A 
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Fever
Abdominal pain
Respiratory symptoms
40
Q

These are symptoms of Rotaviruses that can cause fatal dehydration.

A

Vomiting

Diarrhea

41
Q

Replication of the rotaviruses occur in what specific cells?

A

Epithelial cells in the tips of the microvilli of the small intestine

42
Q

What is the specimen used for the lab diagnosis of the rotaviruses?

A

Stool

43
Q

What are the lab methods used for the diagnosis of a rotavirus?

A

ELISA
Latex Agglutination
Rapid membrane-bound colorimetric test
Electron microscopy

44
Q

What are the vaccines used for the rotaviruses?

A

Human-bovine rotavirus vaccine (approved 2006)

Rotarix (approved 2008)

45
Q

The Colorado tick fever virus belongs to what genus?

A

Coltivirus

46
Q

This is a disease under the genus Coltivirus which causes a dengue-like infection in the western US and Canada. It is one of the most common diseases transmitted by ticks in the US.

A

Colorado tick fever virus

47
Q

(T/F) The Colorado tick fever virus is an 80-nm spherical particle with 3 outer shells containing 10 RNA segments.

A

F (2 outer shells; 12 RNA segments))

48
Q

Viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, such as ticks and mosquitoes, are referred to as _____.

A

Arboviruses

49
Q

What is the vector of the Colorado tick fever virus?

A

Dermacentor andersonia

50
Q

What are the hosts of the Dermacentor andersoni, which is the vector of the Colorado tick fever virus?

A

Deers
Squirrels
Rabbits

51
Q

What are the symptoms of the Colorado tick fever virus?

A 
Fever
Arthralgia
Photophobia
Myalgia
Chills
52
Q

What are the symptoms of the Colorado tick fever virus that is similar to dengue?

A 
Biphasic fever with a rash
Hemorrhagic fever (in children)
53
Q

These are tests developed to detect Colorado tick fever IgG.

A

Recombinant immunoassays

Microbiology 2: Mycology and Virology (7 decks)

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