ssDNA: Parvoviridae; dsRNA: Reoviridae Flashcards
These are the smallest of the DNA viruses.
Parvoviridae
(T/F) The Parvoviridae virsuses have small enveloped icosahedral capsid.
F (nonenveloped/naked)
What is the genome of the Parvoviridae?
Linear ssDNA
What is the genus of the Parvoviridae?
Human Erythrovirus
This is known as the principal pathogen within the family of Parvoviridae
Parvovirus B19
This is the most commonly recognized syndrome of tha parvoviruses; a.k.a fifth disease.
Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)
What are the symptoms of the prodromal phase of the Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)?
Fever Headache Malaise Myalgia Nausea Vomiting
After the prodoromal phase of the Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease), _____ often appears.
Rash
This is characterized with a cutaneous rash that gives a “slapped-cheek” appearance and then spreads to the trunk and limbs. Subsides after 1-2 weeks.
Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)
What is the appearance of the rash produced by Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)?
Slapped-cheek appearance
Once the rash produced by Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease) subsides, can recur after exposure to what factors?
Heat and sunlight exposure
in Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease), what additional symptoms can adults experience?
Arthralgia
Arthritis
(T/F) Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease) is almost always fatal and causes complications.
F (Rarely fatal and w/o complications)
This is a self-limited erythropoietic arrest caused by the Parvovirus B19
Transient aplastic crisis
This is a disease caused by the parvovirus B19 characterized by a decrease in RBC production in the bone marrow.
Transient aplastic crisis
(T/F) Transient aplastic crisis can result in chronic anemia; it is not severe nor fatal.
F (Short-lived anemia; severe, sometimes fatal)
What complications can occur when infected with Transient aplastic crisis?
Viremia Thrombocytopenia Granulocytopenia Pancytopenia Flu-like symptoms Congestive heart failure
In Transient aplastic crisis, recovery of the patient occurs after 1 week and _____ occurs.
Reticulocytosis
This is also called Fetal fatal anemia. It is an intrauterine infection of a fetus
Hydrops fetalis
This is an infection of the fetus wherein erythrocyte precursors are killed, causing anemia and congestive heart failure.
Hydrops fetalis
(T/F) There is evidence that B19 causes congenital abnormalities in Hydrops fetalis.
F (No evidence)
This is a chronic type of anemia characterized by a decreased hemoglobin level.
Pure red cell aplasia
What are the methods for lab diagnosis used when there is a parvovirus infection?
PCR - sensitive. useful in viremia
Tissue biopsy/Bone marrow
Serologic testing for IgM (Recent infection)
This is a novel virus, described in 2005 by Allander et al.
Human bocavirus (HBoV)
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is closely related to these two diseases under the genus Bocavirus.
Bovine parvovirus
Canine minute vires
What is the genus of the Bovine parvovirus and Canine minute vires, which are closely related to the Human bocavirus (HBoV)?
Bocavirus
Human bocavirus (HBoV) causes what type of infections?
Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)
Human bocavirus (HBoV) has been increasingly present as a co-infection to what viruses?
Respiratory syncytial virus
Human metapneumovirus
What are the clinical symptoms of the Human bocavirus (HBoV)?
Cough Conjunctivitis Difficulty breathing Diarrhea Rhinorrhea Rash Fever
What is the genome of the Reoviridae?
dsRNA
(T/F) The reoviridae has an enveloped,complex, icosahedral capsid
F (Nonenveloped/naked)
What are the two genera of the Reoviridae?
Rotavirus
Coltivirus
These are naked/nonenveloped viruses with icosahedral capsules; measure about 75nm in diameter with two protein layers surrounding the capsid (Double-shelled capsid).
Rotaviruses
What is the genus of the Rotavirus?
Rotavirus
These are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and children.
Rotaviruses
What is the mode of transmission of the Rotaviruses?
Fecal-oral route
How long is the incubation period of the Rotaviruses?
1 - 4 days
This is a major cause of infant mortality and the failure of young children to thrive.
Gastroenteritis
What are the sudden onset of symptoms of the Rotaviruses?
Vomiting Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Respiratory symptoms
These are symptoms of Rotaviruses that can cause fatal dehydration.
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Replication of the rotaviruses occur in what specific cells?
Epithelial cells in the tips of the microvilli of the small intestine
What is the specimen used for the lab diagnosis of the rotaviruses?
Stool
What are the lab methods used for the diagnosis of a rotavirus?
ELISA
Latex Agglutination
Rapid membrane-bound colorimetric test
Electron microscopy
What are the vaccines used for the rotaviruses?
Human-bovine rotavirus vaccine (approved 2006)
Rotarix (approved 2008)
The Colorado tick fever virus belongs to what genus?
Coltivirus
This is a disease under the genus Coltivirus which causes a dengue-like infection in the western US and Canada. It is one of the most common diseases transmitted by ticks in the US.
Colorado tick fever virus
(T/F) The Colorado tick fever virus is an 80-nm spherical particle with 3 outer shells containing 10 RNA segments.
F (2 outer shells; 12 RNA segments))
Viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, such as ticks and mosquitoes, are referred to as _____.
Arboviruses
What is the vector of the Colorado tick fever virus?
Dermacentor andersonia
What are the hosts of the Dermacentor andersoni, which is the vector of the Colorado tick fever virus?
Deers
Squirrels
Rabbits
What are the symptoms of the Colorado tick fever virus?
Fever Arthralgia Photophobia Myalgia Chills
What are the symptoms of the Colorado tick fever virus that is similar to dengue?
Biphasic fever with a rash Hemorrhagic fever (in children)
These are tests developed to detect Colorado tick fever IgG.
Recombinant immunoassays
