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Microbiology 2: Mycology and Virology > ssDNA: Parvoviridae; dsRNA: Reoviridae > Flashcards

ssDNA: Parvoviridae; dsRNA: Reoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

These are the smallest of the DNA viruses.

A

Parvoviridae

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2
Q

(T/F) The Parvoviridae virsuses have small enveloped icosahedral capsid.

A

F (nonenveloped/naked)

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3
Q

What is the genome of the Parvoviridae?

A

Linear ssDNA

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4
Q

What is the genus of the Parvoviridae?

A

Human Erythrovirus

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5
Q

This is known as the principal pathogen within the family of Parvoviridae

A

Parvovirus B19

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6
Q

This is the most commonly recognized syndrome of tha parvoviruses; a.k.a fifth disease.

A

Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of the prodromal phase of the Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)?

A 
Fever
Headache
Malaise
Myalgia
Nausea
Vomiting
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8
Q

After the prodoromal phase of the Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease), _____ often appears.

A

Rash

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9
Q

This is characterized with a cutaneous rash that gives a “slapped-cheek” appearance and then spreads to the trunk and limbs. Subsides after 1-2 weeks.

A

Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)

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10
Q

What is the appearance of the rash produced by Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease)?

A

Slapped-cheek appearance

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11
Q

Once the rash produced by Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease) subsides, can recur after exposure to what factors?

A

Heat and sunlight exposure

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12
Q

in Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease), what additional symptoms can adults experience?

A

Arthralgia

Arthritis

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13
Q

(T/F) Erythema infectiosum (EI) (fifth disease) is almost always fatal and causes complications.

A

F (Rarely fatal and w/o complications)

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14
Q

This is a self-limited erythropoietic arrest caused by the Parvovirus B19

A

Transient aplastic crisis

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15
Q

This is a disease caused by the parvovirus B19 characterized by a decrease in RBC production in the bone marrow.

A

Transient aplastic crisis

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16
Q

(T/F) Transient aplastic crisis can result in chronic anemia; it is not severe nor fatal.

A

F (Short-lived anemia; severe, sometimes fatal)

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17
Q

What complications can occur when infected with Transient aplastic crisis?

A 
Viremia
Thrombocytopenia
Granulocytopenia
Pancytopenia
Flu-like symptoms
Congestive heart failure
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18
Q

In Transient aplastic crisis, recovery of the patient occurs after 1 week and _____ occurs.

A

Reticulocytosis

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19
Q

This is also called Fetal fatal anemia. It is an intrauterine infection of a fetus

A

Hydrops fetalis

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20
Q

This is an infection of the fetus wherein erythrocyte precursors are killed, causing anemia and congestive heart failure.

A

Hydrops fetalis

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21
Q

(T/F) There is evidence that B19 causes congenital abnormalities in Hydrops fetalis.

A

F (No evidence)

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22
Q

This is a chronic type of anemia characterized by a decreased hemoglobin level.

A

Pure red cell aplasia

23
Q

What are the methods for lab diagnosis used when there is a parvovirus infection?

A

PCR - sensitive. useful in viremia
Tissue biopsy/Bone marrow
Serologic testing for IgM (Recent infection)

24
Q

This is a novel virus, described in 2005 by Allander et al.

A

Human bocavirus (HBoV)

25
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is closely related to these two diseases under the genus Bocavirus.
Bovine parvovirus | Canine minute vires
26
What is the genus of the Bovine parvovirus and Canine minute vires, which are closely related to the Human bocavirus (HBoV)?
Bocavirus
27
Human bocavirus (HBoV) causes what type of infections?
Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) | Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)
28
Human bocavirus (HBoV) has been increasingly present as a co-infection to what viruses?
Respiratory syncytial virus | Human metapneumovirus
29
What are the clinical symptoms of the Human bocavirus (HBoV)?
``` Cough Conjunctivitis Difficulty breathing Diarrhea Rhinorrhea Rash Fever ```
30
What is the genome of the Reoviridae?
dsRNA
31
(T/F) The reoviridae has an enveloped,complex, icosahedral capsid
F (Nonenveloped/naked)
32
What are the two genera of the Reoviridae?
Rotavirus | Coltivirus
33
These are naked/nonenveloped viruses with icosahedral capsules; measure about 75nm in diameter with two protein layers surrounding the capsid (Double-shelled capsid).
Rotaviruses
34
What is the genus of the Rotavirus?
Rotavirus
35
These are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and children.
Rotaviruses
36
What is the mode of transmission of the Rotaviruses?
Fecal-oral route
37
How long is the incubation period of the Rotaviruses?
1 - 4 days
38
This is a major cause of infant mortality and the failure of young children to thrive.
Gastroenteritis
39
What are the sudden onset of symptoms of the Rotaviruses?
``` Vomiting Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Respiratory symptoms ```
40
These are symptoms of Rotaviruses that can cause fatal dehydration.
Vomiting | Diarrhea
41
Replication of the rotaviruses occur in what specific cells?
Epithelial cells in the tips of the microvilli of the small intestine
42
What is the specimen used for the lab diagnosis of the rotaviruses?
Stool
43
What are the lab methods used for the diagnosis of a rotavirus?
ELISA Latex Agglutination Rapid membrane-bound colorimetric test Electron microscopy
44
What are the vaccines used for the rotaviruses?
Human-bovine rotavirus vaccine (approved 2006) | Rotarix (approved 2008)
45
The Colorado tick fever virus belongs to what genus?
Coltivirus
46
This is a disease under the genus Coltivirus which causes a dengue-like infection in the western US and Canada. It is one of the most common diseases transmitted by ticks in the US.
Colorado tick fever virus
47
(T/F) The Colorado tick fever virus is an 80-nm spherical particle with 3 outer shells containing 10 RNA segments.
F (2 outer shells; 12 RNA segments))
48
Viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, such as ticks and mosquitoes, are referred to as _____.
Arboviruses
49
What is the vector of the Colorado tick fever virus?
Dermacentor andersonia
50
What are the hosts of the Dermacentor andersoni, which is the vector of the Colorado tick fever virus?
Deers Squirrels Rabbits
51
What are the symptoms of the Colorado tick fever virus?
``` Fever Arthralgia Photophobia Myalgia Chills ```
52
What are the symptoms of the Colorado tick fever virus that is similar to dengue?
``` Biphasic fever with a rash Hemorrhagic fever (in children) ```
53
These are tests developed to detect Colorado tick fever IgG.
Recombinant immunoassays

Microbiology 2: Mycology and Virology (7 decks)

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