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Geography > Sri Lanka background info > Flashcards

Sri Lanka background info Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the population of Sri Lanka?

A

22 million

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2
Q

What is the population of Colombo?

A

750,000

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3
Q

What is the ethnicity and religion?

A

75% Sinhalese who are mainly buddhists and 20% Tamils who are mainly Hindu

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4
Q

What is Sri Lanka economy classified as?

A

Emerging and developing country (EDC)

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5
Q

What are the main exports?

A

tea, rubber and coconut

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6
Q

In what year did they gain independence?

A

1948

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7
Q

In which year did the civil war start?

A

1983

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8
Q

In what year did the civil war end?

A

2009

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9
Q

Who are the 4 Asian Tigers?

A

South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong

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10
Q

What is the gini coefficient of Sri Lanka?

A

0.39

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11
Q

What is the global average of the gini coefficient?

A

0.65

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12
Q

Which other province is mentioned in social equality?

A

Batticaloa

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13
Q

What percentage of people work in the tertiary sector in Colombo?

A

70%

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14
Q

What percentage of people work in the tertiary sector in Batticaloa?

A

45%

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15
Q

What is the evidence of social inequality in Colombo city?

A
  • Gini Coefficient of 0.46
  • Under-Served Settlements
  • 50% live in USS
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16
Q

What are the social issues faced in slums?

A
  • Low living standards
  • Poor access to education
  • Lack of clean water
17
Q

What are the economic issues faced in slums?

A
  • Low wages
  • May be forced to work in the informal sector due to lack of skills
  • Cannot afford red or buy so forced to build their own home
  • Many don’t have the right to the land in the USS
18
Q

What are the environmental issues faced in slums?

A
  • Lack of proper sanitation which leads to disease being spread; malaria
  • No domestic waste collection is available for 15% of households
  • Rotting rubbish increase chance of diseases
19
Q

What is a top-down approach?

A

Controlled by governments and international agencies who try to alleviate poverty with large scale strategies

20
Q

What is a bottom-up approach?

A

Smaller scale alternative which involves and empowers local communities.

21
Q

What is the sahaspura development?

A

14 storey development located on a former USS to rehouse the local slum dwellers

22
Q

What strategy is the Sahaspura development?

A

Top down strategy

23
Q

What were the positive outcomes of the development?

A
  • Have legal ownership of land and so have a proper address
  • Can get some children into govt. school
  • All flats have a private toilets and electricity
24
Q

What were the negative outcomes of the development?

A
  • Poor families cannot afford the rent
  • The shortfall in the maintenance fund means when problems occur, they are not fixed
  • Flats have been poorly built, problems with damp mean that they might not last long
25
Q

What has been done for the bottom-up strategy?

A

Gothamipura district

26
Q

What is the Gothamipura strategy?

A

Seventh, a non governmental organisation has worked with the residents of the district. They carried out a survey to identify the problems from the residents and found ways to improve by collaborating with Colombo Municipal Council (CMO)

27
Q

Positives of Gothamipura strategy?

A
  • Everyone getting a better QofL all at once
28
Q

What are the results of the World Bank?

A
  • 552 active loans

- Cumulative disbursements of sub loans amounting to $24.3 million

29
Q

What are the results of the TNC Nestle?

A
  • Over Rs 6 billion to the local diary

- 152,000 children educated on nutrition

30
Q

What are the results of the Asian Development Bank?

A
  • 2 million people provided access to clean water
31
Q

What are the results of the Sri Lankan Govt.?

A
  • Reducing malnutrition rate of children by 12-15%

- 3 million employment opportunities

Geography (34 decks)

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