Sports Psychology - Motivation And Achievement Motivation Flashcards
Define motivation.
The level of drive an individual has to succeed.
What are the 4 types of motivation.
- Intrinsic
- Extrinsic
- Tangible reward
- Intangible reward
What is intrinsic motivation.
Motivation from within the individual e.g pride and satisfaction.
What is extrinsic motivation.
Motivation from an outside source e.g parents or coaches
What are tangible rewards.
Rewards that can be touched e.g trophies.
What are intangible rewards.
Non-physical rewards e.g praise.
List 5 methods a coach could use to motivate performers.
- Rewards and praise
- Make the task enjoyable
- Point out the benefits of exercise
- Negative reinforcement (for experts)
- Set out attainable goals
What is a negative of extrinsic motives.
Extrinsic rewards may create pressure on players to achieve and if not attained, motivation can be lost.
What is an advantage of intrinsic motives.
Intrinsic rewards are more effective, stronger and long lasting.
What is achievement motivation?
The desire with which competitive situations are approached or avoided.
What are the two personality types suggested by Atkinson to describe an individual’s achievement motivation?
1) Approach behaviour
2) Avoidance behaviour
What is approach behaviour and an example of it.
Where an individual approaches competition with enthusiasm e.g asks to take the penalty.
What is avoidance behaviour and an example of it.
Where an individual tries to avoid the competition e.g not wanting to take the penalty in a shoot out.
What are 3 characteristics for an individual with approach behaviour.
- They have a need to acheive
- They welcome competition
- They take risks
What are 3 characteristics for an individual with avoidance behaviour.
- They have a need to avoid failure
- They avoid competition
- They take the easy option
What does achievement motivation depend on? 2
Achievement motivation depends on the interaction of their personality and the situation they are in.
If the individual is in a less familiar environment than usual, will they dispaly approach behaviour or avoidance behaviour?
They will most likely display avoidance behaviour
If an individual is likely to succeed in a certain task, will they dispaly avoidance or approach behaviour?
They are more likely to display approach behaviour.
What are 3 ways you can develop a player to display approach behaviour.
- Use positive reinforcement
- Set realistic and achievable goals
- Improve their confidence
