sports psychology Flashcards
what is a motor skill
learned body movements or actions that recreated when muscles contract and cause movement at joints
what is a skilful movement
a pre determined, fluent, co-ordinated movement which is efficient, technically accurate and aesthetically pleasing
what are the 5 characteristics of a skilful movement
efficiency
pre-determined
co-ordinated
fluent
aesthetic
what does efficiency mean
little wasted effort or energy, it is made to look easy
what is pre determined
the performer knows exactly what they want to do
what is a simple skill
have few sub-routines and require relatively low focus to complete them.
what is a complex skill
they are made up of lots of sub-routines snd require great focus because they are difficult.
what is an open skill
are heavily affected by an unpredictable and changeable environment
what is a closed skill
they are not affected by the environment because they are predictable
what are the benefits of goal setting
motivate performers
improve focus
increase effort
what is imagery
involves the performer imagining themselves in a relaxed place, in which they feel completely calm and relaxed .
what is mental rehearsal
involves the performer practising a skill in their head before physically executing it
this reminds them of the key technical points that lead to success
what is selective attention
involves actively blocking out distractions and focusing all concentration on the performance ahead.
what are mental preparation techniques
they are used prior to a performance so the performer can get themselves into the right place psychologically
what is positive thinking
when a performer talks to themself either in there heads or out loud to block out negative thoughts
what are the 4 types of guidance
visual
verbal
manual
mechanical
what is visual guidance
when guidance is presented in a form that the performer can look at.
what are some advantages and disadvantages of visual guidance
advantages - useful for all level of performers and performers can copy what they have seen
disadvantages - demonstration or example must be of good quality and some skills are too complex to demonstrate
what are the advantages of verbal guidance
advantages - especially useful for high level performers and useful for sharing basic information
disadvantages - can be boring or complex techniques are often difficult to explain
what is manual guidance
involves a coach physically moving a performer into the correct position or supporting them during the skill
what are some advantages and disadvantages of manual guidance
adv - good for beginners
disadv - movement can feel different when someone is moving your body, performer may think they arent completing the skill
what is mechanical guidance
when equipment is used to assist a coaching process such as a harness in trampolining
what are the advantages and disadvantages of mechanical guidance
adv - good for teaching dangerous skills and good for confidence
disadv - equipment may be expensive and performer can come to rely on aid
