sports medicine - how are sports injuries classified and managed

Question 1

what are the ways to classify sports injuries

Answer 1

• direct and indirect
• soft and hard tissues
• inflammatory response

Question 2

what are soft tissue injuries

Answer 2

• tear + sprains + contusions
• skin abrasions + lacerations + blisters
• inflammatory response

Question 3

what are direct injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 3

caused by an external force applied to the body

Question 4

what is an example of direct injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 4

• collision with another person (tackle in rugby)

- being struck by an object (hit by a ball)

Question 5

what injuries result from a direct injury (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 5

• hematomas (corks) and bruises
• joint and ligament damage
• dislocations and bone fractures

Question 6

what are indirect injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 6

are caused by an intrinsic force; a force from within the body

Question 7

what can cause indirect injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 7

• inadequate warm-up
• ballistic movements
• poor execution of skill

Question 8

what are examples of indirect injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 8

• a torn hamstring (strain) while running for the ball or sprinting
• stress on a knee ligament (sprain) while changing directions

Question 9

what are soft tissue injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 9

these include damages to muscles + ligaments + tendons + organs + skin etc.

Question 10

what do soft tissue damage include (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 10

• direct injuries such as a blister or bruise at the sight of external force
• indirect injuries caused by internal forces such as sprains or strains
• black eye from a punch to the eye (direct soft tissue injury)

Question 11

what are hard tissue injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 11

injuries to the bone or teeth. can include breaks and dislocations

Question 12

what are examples of hard tissue injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 12

• dislocated shoulder from a poor tackle in rugby (direct)

- lost of teeth

Question 13

what are overuse injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 13

caused by intense or unreasonable use of specific body regions over a long period of time
- low impact + repetitive exercise can cause these injuries

Question 14

what are examples of overuse injuries (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 14

• jogging , especially on hard surfaces can result in shin splints
• stress fractures can provoke by repetition
• tendonitis and bursitis can occur due to repetitive movement and poor technique

Question 15

what are tears (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 15

occur when a muscle or tendon is over-stretched or when a muscle contracts too quickly

Question 16

what are strains (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 16

are normally caused by internal forces, poor technique or overtraining

Question 17

what levels are strains often classified in (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 17

• grade 1 : smal tear to muscle
• grade 2 : 50% or more tear to muscle
• grade 3 : complete tear that needs surgery to join muscle back together

Question 18

what are sprains (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 18

occur when the joint is forced beyond normal range of motion resulting in the stretching or tearing of ligaments

Question 19

what are signs of sprains (ways to classify sports injuries)

Answer 19

• unable to put weight on injured limb
• swelling
• bruising
• pain