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PDHPE > health priorities in australia - health care facilities and services > Flashcards

health priorities in australia - health care facilities and services Flashcards

1
Q

What are health care in australia

A

the role of health care is to provide quality health facilities and services to meet the health needs of all Australian. they provide;

  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • rehabilitation
  • care
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2
Q

health care in australia is a relationship between

A
  • commonwealth, state and local government
  • health insurance funds
  • public and private providers (doctors)
  • institutions (hopsitals)
  • community health services
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3
Q

what are the range and types of health care facilities and services

A
  • institutional

- non-institutional

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4
Q

what are institutional health care

A

health care provided through health care facilities, facilitating care overnight. this includes;

  • hospitals (public + private)
  • nursing homes
  • ambulance
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5
Q

what are institutional health care

A

health care provided through health care facilities, facilitating care overnight. this includes;

  • hospitals (public + private)
  • nursing homes
  • ambulance
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6
Q

what are non-institutional health care

A

medical specialists that provide medical treatment outside of a hospital environment . this includes;

  • doctors
  • specialists (optometrists, chiropractor, physiotherapist)
  • allied health
  • community and public health
  • research organisations
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7
Q

what are the responsibilities of the commonwealth government in health care

A
  • policies/legislations
  • finance to state hospitals
  • medicare/PBS
  • health promotions
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8
Q

what are the responsibilities of the state government in health care

A
  • hospitals
  • health promotions
  • legislations/laws
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9
Q

what are the responsibilities of the local government in health care

A
  • policies community, health care clinics and services

- support/volunteer groups

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10
Q

expenditure for early intervention and prevention in australia

A

australia implements options for early intervention and prevention as well as treatment to ensure that the health care system is sustainable for years to come

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11
Q

what is the main prevention expenditure in australia and what do they focus on to improve

A

heavily focused on chronic disease, illness and injury. this is because they are modifiable, therefore there is a focus on;

  • improving lifestyle choices
  • increasing exercise and fruit + vegetable intakes
  • decreasing alcohol use/drug use and high fat/salt diets
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12
Q

what is the aim of medicare

A

to decrease inequity for people with low education, language barriers and/or low SES
–> improving access to translators for services and decreases costs for medical services and medication
E.g. pharmaceutical benefit scheme

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13
Q

what is the biggest preventative measures in australia

A
  • cancer screening (breast, skin and colon)

- immunisation (flu, whooping cough, measles and cervical cancer)

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14
Q

what is the aim of health promotions (advertising, strategies, policies, laws etc.)

A

encourages individuals and communities to make a change in their health behaviours

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15
Q

what is the impact of new and emerging technologies

A

assists in the decrease of burden of diseases by improving early detection and treatment of disease, illness and injuries
- specific treatment are continually added into the medicare benefit scheme
E.g. cleft lip and palate scheme + child dental benefits

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16
Q

what are some emerging technologies

A
  • artificial organs (kidneys)
  • joint replacements
  • ultrasounds , MRI and 3D imaging
  • keyhole surgery
  • HPV vaccine (cervical cancer)
17
Q

health care in australia

A
  • range and types of health facilities + services
  • responsibility for health facilities + services
  • equity access to health facilities + services
  • health care expenditure vs expenditure on early intervention and prevention
  • impact of new emerging treatments and tech on health care E.g. costs and access, benefits of early detections
  • health insurance : medicare and private
18
Q

health insurance in australia

A

introduced in 1984 to address health inequalities and improve the overall health status of australia by providing health care for everyone

19
Q

medicare : health insurance

A

subsidise health care so individuals can access health care and most primary health expenses
- tax payers contribute 2% of their income to fund medicare (medicare levy)

20
Q

private health insurance

A

individuals who invest in private health care are not required to pay the medicare levy and receive government rebates towards their insurance
—> an effort the government makes to make private health care more affordable

21
Q

where can medicare be used

A
  • public hospitals + accomodation
  • general practitioner
  • child dental care
  • optical (after cataract surgery) eye tests
  • prescription medicare
  • tests needed to treat illness (x-rays, ultrasounds)
22
Q

what can private health insurance give

A
  • private hospital care + accomodation
  • public hospital care + accomodation
  • elective surgery
  • ambulance
  • allied health services (Physio, dental, optical, massage, chiro)
23
Q

what are alternative health cares

A

health care which is used instead of conventional medicines

E.g. acupunctures

24
Q

what is complementary health care

A

health care which is used along side or as well as conventional medicines

25
Q

what are reasons for growth of complementary and alternative health care approaches

A
  • increase availability of natural medicine over synthetic options
  • increase in migration cultures to australia E.g. chinese medicines
  • effectiveness over modern medicine (for some people)
  • increased empowerment and control over health choices
26
Q

range of services and products available

A
  • acupunture
  • aromatherapy
  • chiropractic
  • iridology
  • massage
  • meditation
27
Q

what is acupuncture

A

ancient eastern healing system : traditional chinese medicine
–> uses fine needles which are inserted into the skin, stimulating the mind and the body

28
Q

what is aromatherapy

A

use of essential oils to influence or modify the mind, body or spirit. oils can be vaporised, bathes in or used during massage
- used for treating depression, poor sleep, stress or anxiety

29
Q

what is chiropractic

A

based on the relationship between the spine, nervous system and musculoskeletal system
- adjustments are made to the spine to remove interference to normal nervous system control, promoting healing and better health

30
Q

what is iridology

A

analysis of the human eye to detect signs of physical, emotional and spiritual well-being

31
Q

what is massage

A

induces relaxation and reduces blood pressure, stress and anxiety levels
- remedial, therapeutic, sports and swedish massages

assists with rehabilitation and decreases recovery time

32
Q

what is meditation

A

state of inner stillness which focuses on an object, breathing, phrase or mantra

  • strengthens the immune system
  • improves sleep
  • lowers blood pressure
  • increases motivation
33
Q

how to make informed consumer choice

A 
look for the;
- qualifications
- registration
- regulation 
- research 
of CAM products

PDHPE (11 decks)

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