Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal > Sports Medicine > Flashcards

Sports Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Spear Tackler’s Spine

A
  • loss of cervical lordosis
  • cervical stenosis
  • arthritic changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stinger

A
  • stinging/burning or electric shock sensation
  • arm numbness or weakness
  • C-5 is most common
  • traction/pinching the nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

C-Spine Fracture-Dislocation

A

Mech: axial load most common
Levels:C5-6 most common
C4-5, C6-7 next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lower Thoracic Spine Compression Fracture

A

Mech: axial load
fall
Older population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lumbar Spine: Stress Fracture of Pars

A

Symptoms: Pain in lower back
Rare neuro sx
Treatment: rest, brace, bone growth stimulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ruptured Lumbar Disc

A

Symptoms: Pain down leg
Neuro sx
L4-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rotator Cuff: Physical Exam

A
  • empty can test (supraspinatus)
  • external rotation, stress test, lag test
  • pseudoparalysis
  • belly press (subscapularis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment of Rotator Cuff

A
  • pain management

- surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Shoulder Instability

A 
80-90% are anterior 
dislocations
sublaxations: dislocated, but someone put back in 
             (never fully dislocated)
younger you are: higher recurrence risk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Shoulder Instability

A

closed reduction maneuvers

-sedate patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Clavicle Fracture

A

most common fracture in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

OCD Capitellum Etiology:

A

unclear, articular forces during throwing, compressive loads, excessive axial loading (gymnists, lifters), 10-15 y/o, 85% males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

OCD Capitellum Symptoms

A

dull, poorly loccalized elbow pain

  • aggravated with use, relieved with rest
  • loose body, catching, locking of elbow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

OCD Capitellum Treatment

A

Nonoperative: activity limitation, RICE, physical activity
Operative:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture

A
  • Functional deficits: elbow flexion, forearm rotation

- rarely operate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injures

A
  • pain, tenderness inner side of elbow, especially when throwing
  • swelling and bruising at inner elbow
  • inability throw at full speed, loss of control
  • elbow stiffness
  • numbness/tingling in ring and little fingers
  • clumsiness/weakness of hand grip
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Treatment for Ulnar Collateral Ligament

A

Tommy John Procedure

-take palmaras longus muscle and weave it around

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Scaphoid Fracture

A
  • wrist pain
  • hard to see fracture
  • difficult to heal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Metacarpal Fracture

A

3rd metacarpal fracture
-normally just heal on own (cast for comfort)
-functionally fine, knuckle may be lower
4th-boxer’s fracture

21
Q

PIP Joint Dislocation

A

fix: increase deformity then pop back on

22
Q

Jersey Finger

A

flexor tendon injury

  • avulse funds tendon from attachment of distal phalanx - can’t bend
  • fix with surgery
23
Q

Mallet Finger

A

extensor tendon injury

  • need x-ray to verify not bone
  • splint 6-8 weeks
24
Q

Pelvic Avulsion Fractures

A
  • strong muscular contraction during sports activities
  • skeletally immature patients
  • pan and popping sensation at site of fracture
  • most common sites: ASIS, AIIS, IT
25
Q

Pelvic Avulsion Fractures Treatment

A

Nonoperative: rest, activity limitation, rehab
Operative: reattachment of tendon

26
Q

Hip: Labral Tears

A

Symptoms: groin pain, clicking/snapping of hip

-limited motion of hip joint

27
Q

FAI

A

Femoralacetabular impingment

  • cam lesion-bony buildup on neck of femur
  • pincer lesion-acetaublar side (bony buildup)
  • combined lesion
28
Q

Meniscal Injuries

A

Semilunar cartilage of the knee
Treatment: nonoperative
-repair
-remove

29
Q

Knee Ligament Injuries

A
  • anterior cruciate
  • posterior cruciate
  • medial collateral
  • lateral collateral
30
Q

Quadriceps/Hamstring Tears

A

very common
-once one happens, prone to get more
-muscle heals with scare tissue
PRP (platelet rich plasma) with healing factors and inject into tear sight

31
Q

ACL injury

A
  • noncontact deceleration, jumping, or cutting (70%)
  • external forces applied to knee (MCL)
  • 80% sports related
  • knee is “hyperextended”, 70% hear/feel pop, knee seems to pop out of joint and then reduce
  • fall to ground, walking difficult
  • knee swells within hours (hemarthrosis)
32
Q

ACL injury Gender/Causes

A

Female 2-4X increase in basketball, soccer, rugby, volleyball
Extrinsic: body movement, muscle strength
Intrinsic: joint laxity, hormonal influences, limb alignment, notch dimensions, ligament size

33
Q

ACL physical exam

A 
Lachman test: most sensitive (95%)
-increased excursion relative to opposite knee
-lack of firm end point
Pivot Shift: 
-relaxed patient
-intact MCL
-reproduces pathologic motion
34
Q

ACL MRI

A

95-100% accurate
-non-orthogonal plane-knee external rotated 15 deg
(usually catches entire ACL in one frame)
-identify associated meniscal/chondral injures, collateral ligaments
-bone bruises-LFC (mid1/3), LTP(post1/3)

35
Q

ACL Treatment

A

Nonoperative: low-demand patients with less laxity
Operative: higher demand, active patients
- reduces incidence of chondral & meniscal injury

36
Q

PCL injury

A

5%
-mechanism: direct blow to the tibia (dashboard injury)
-fall on flexed knee
-hyperextension
posterior sag
treatment: nonoperative: PRICE, immobilization, rehab
operative: arthroscopic reconstruction

37
Q

MCL/LCL injuries

A
  • MCL>LCL
  • LCL usually associated with other injuries
  • Direst (MCL) outward (LCL)
  • Non-contact: pivoting, awkward landing, sliding into base
38
Q

MCL/LCL Treatment

A

unually non-operative unless associated with other ligament injuries

39
Q

Knee Dislocations

A
  • high-velocity -MVA, falls>5 feet
  • low-velocity-sports, fall<5 feet
  • ultra-low velocity-ADL, obese
  • multiple ligament repair/reconstruction procedures
  • neurovascular injury*
40
Q

Peroneal Nerve injury

A

~26% of knee dislocation

-1/2 result in permanent neurological deficit

41
Q

Popliteal artery injury

A

~24%

-86% amputation rate for revascularization > 8 hours

42
Q

OCD/Chondral Injuries of the Knee

A
  • Cause: vasuclar, traumatic, genetic
  • Symptoms: pain, joint popping/locking, joint weakness, decreased ROM, swelling/tenderness
  • Treatment: micorfracture, fixation of fragment, OATS (move parts of bone)
43
Q

Ankle Sprains

A

Lateral ligament (inversion) - most common
Syndesmosis (high ankle) sprain
Nonoperative: boot, corset, physical therapy
Operative: lateral lig reconstruction, fixation of syndesmosis

44
Q

5th Metatarsal Fracture

A
  • Pseudo-Joones fracture
  • Jones fracture
  • Stress Fracture
45
Q

TIbial Stress Fracture

A
  • anterior
  • dreaded black line
  • delayed union
  • nonunion
  • acute fracture
46
Q

Lisfranc Injuries

A

midfoot
tarsal-metatarsal region
swelling

47
Q

Turf Toe

A

hyperdorsiflex big toe
tear the plate
rest, carbonfiber insert

48
Q

Achilles Tendon Tears

A
  • pop or snap, followed by sharp pain
  • swelling near heal
  • inability to stand on toes
  • inability to push off with injured leg
  • peak age 30-40 y/o
49
Q

Achilles Tendon Tears Exam

A
  • resting position of foot
  • palpable defect
  • swelling
  • Thompson test
  • *open repair, percutaneous repair**

Musculoskeletal (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions