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A Level psych Unit 3 > Sport Topic 4: Personality > Flashcards

Sport Topic 4: Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Freud theory

A

.personality made up of 3 parts - id, ego, superego

.these unconscious drives, drive all behaviour

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2
Q

Freud theory explained

A

.Id and superego in conflict, so role of ego to find balance (satisfy real world desires of Id without breaking moral rules of superego)
.If desires of Id aren’t satisfied, it causes build up of aggressive energy, which can lead to violence (thanatos)
.Freud said sport can be used to release aggression through displacement

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3
Q

displacement/sublimation

A

aggressive energy redirected from true target to an alternative

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4
Q

Eysneck

A

trait theory of personality

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5
Q

Eysneck theory explained

A

introverts vs extroverts
stable vs neurotic
psychoticism

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6
Q

introverts vs extroverts

A

introverts have more activity in Reticular Activating System, so need less stimulation from environment

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7
Q

stable vs neurotic

A

stable - remain calm in stressful situations

neurotic - higher levels of anxiety

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8
Q

psychoticism

A

.linked to levels of testosterone/aggression

.high levels of psychoticism linked to being more competitive/taking part in higher risk sports

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9
Q

Cattell

A

16 personality factors

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10
Q

Cattell’s criticism of Eysneck

A

too simple - doesnt account for the situation

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11
Q

Cattell’s 16pf explained

A

.based on Allport’s 4500 personality word list
.wanted things like mood/motivation to affect results (situational)
.refined over years - 5th edition

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12
Q

Cattell’s 16pf procedure

A

.self report, individually
.185 Qs on attitudes/daily behaviour/preferences
.30 mins to complete on computer

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13
Q

Cattell personality examples

A

.warmth: reserved/cool - easy going/warm
.sensitivity: tough minded - tender minded
.tension: relaxed - restless

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14
Q

what did Aidman 2007 research

A

personality factors that predict long term success in sport

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15
Q

Aidman research (detailed)

A

.examined personality profiles of 32 elite junior Australian Football League players, using Cattell’s 16pf
.compared athletes to a control group of the same age

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16
Q

Aidman qualitative results

A

.elite athletes found to be more: sociable, enthusiastic, group orientated
.and less: driven, trusting

17
Q

Aidman ‘quantitative’ results

A 
.follow up research 7 years later found:
13/32 made it to senior AFL
19/32 made it to lower leagues/dropped out
.those that made it found to be more:
group orientated/conscientious
.less: tension
18
Q

Kroll and Crenshaw sample

A

387 male athletes

4 sports: wrestling, gymnastics, karate, a.footballer

19
Q

Kroll and Crenshaw procedure

A

.all filled in 16pf questionnaire
.also used a 15 q lie detector test to ensure validity
.compared 4 sports using: univariate analysis and multivariate analysis

20
Q

multivariate analysis

A

.comparing all 4 sports at once

.sees which factors accounted for biggest difference between groups

21
Q

univariate analysis

A

comparing each sport against each other sport in pairs

looks at differences between 16 personality traits

22
Q

american football results

A

football - wrestling: no difference

football - gymnastics: emotional stability/self reliance

football - karate: rule consciousness/self reliance

23
Q

wrestling results

A

wrestling - gymnastics: self reliance/openness to change

wrestling - karate: self reliance/tension

wrestling - football: no difference

24
Q

gymnastics results

A

gymnastics - football: emotional stability/self reliance

gymnastics - wrestling: self reliance/openness to change

gymnastics - karate: tension/rule consciousness

25
Q

karate results

A

karate - football: rule consciousness/self reliance

karate - wrestling: self reliance/tension

karate - gymnastics: tension/rule consciousness

26
Q

Croll and Krenshaw conclusions

A

different personality profiles are related to participation at a high level in different sports

27
Q

multivariate results

A

football and wrestling similar personality profiles
football/wrestlers differ significantly to gym/karate
gym and karate also differ

A Level psych Unit 3 (7 decks)

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