SPORT PSYCH

Question 1

forming attitudes

Answer 1

• past experiences
• social learning
• media
• socialisation

Question 2

triadic model

Answer 2

cognitive- beliefs
affective- emotions
behavioral- actions

Question 3

persuasive communication (attitudes)

Answer 3

individual must want to change. Significant other tries to change negative attitude to a positive one through giving a clear positive message.

Question 4

cognitive dissonance

Answer 4

when all attitude components match state of cognitive consonance. So create cognitive dissonance by changing on of the components making them question their attitude.

Question 5

weiner model

Answer 5

internal stable- ability
internal unstable- effort
external stable- task difficualty
external unstable- luck

Question 6

locus of causality

Answer 6

reason for win/loss:

• internal
• external

Question 7

locus of stability

Answer 7

how fixed the dimensions are

• stable
• unstable

Question 8

link between atribution, task persistence and motivation

Answer 8

Should attribute success internally to ability and effort and failure externally this will increase self efficacy and esteem. As it keeps you motivated.

Question 9

learned helplessness

Answer 9

when performers attribute failure internally to stable reasons. So they are destined to fail. Causes low confidence and stop participating. Similar characteristics to NAF performers.

Question 10

causes of learned helplessness?

Answer 10

• past experinences
• low self confidence
• unrealistic goals set

Question 11

how to avoid learned helplessness

Answer 11

attribution retraining changing negative attributions into positive ones. Their perception of why they failed changes. Atrribute success to internal so they know they can succeed in the future.

coach can

• set realsitic goals
• highlight succsses
• give encouragement

Question 12

Self efficacy

Answer 12

The amount of confidence you have a specific task or situation

Question 13

Bandura self efficacy

Answer 13

Performance accomlishments, vicarious experiences, emotional arousal and verbal persuasion

Question 14

Vealey model of sports confidence

Answer 14

Performer produces a response if they percieve the outcome as positive the level of state and trait will increase. This will increase liklihood of approach behaviour and competitive orientation.

Question 15

Vealey model of sports confidence

Answer 15

Trait confidence-Objective sporting situation-state confidence-performance-outcome-competitiveness

Question 16

Home field advantage

Answer 16

Suggests that performers usualyy perform better when playing at home this keeps level of uncertainitu and therefore arousal low. Increased confidence. Can become hostile and pressure.

Question 17

Strategies to develop high levels of self efficacy

Answer 17

-point out successes -ask another performer to show skill -give praise and positive reinforcement -use cognitive or somatic strategies -attribute success internally

Question 18

Effective leader

Answer 18

-effective communicator -charismatic -knowledgeable -emphatetic -confident -flexible

Question 19

Prescribed leaders

Answer 19

Outside of group

Question 20

Emergent leaders

Answer 20

Within group

Question 21

Autocratic/task orientated leaders features

Answer 21

-Dictatorial -sole decision maker

Question 22

Autocratic/task orientated when to use

Answer 22

• in dangerous situations -large groups -time is likited -cognitive perfromers

Question 23

Democratic/social orientated features

Answer 23

• interested in ensuring relations
• group members involved in decisions

Question 24

Democratic/social orientated when to use

Answer 24

-small groups -lots of time -advanaced performers

Question 25

Laissez-Faire features

Answer 25

-more of a figurehead -group members make all the decisions

Question 26

Laissez-faire when to use

Answer 26

-problem solving approach -advanced performers

Question 27

Fiedler’s contingency model

Answer 27

An effective leader will match their style with the situation facing them

Question 28

Task orientated leader (fiedler)

Answer 28

Mainly concerned with achieving goals and takes a pragmatic approach. Beat in favourable and least favourable situations.

Question 29

Person orientated leader fiedler

Answer 29

Focuses on harmony and shoud be used in moderatley favourbale sutuatikns

Question 30

Most favourable situations fiedler

Answer 30

Is when the leader is in a strong posiiton of authority and respect and everyone has good relations

Question 31

Least favourable situations fiedler

Answer 31

Is where tge leader has no respect and relations are bad

Question 32

Moderately favourable situations fiedler

Answer 32

Leaser would fhoose a person orientated style which allows other team members to contribute to decision making provess. Parts of task is clear and some good relations

Question 33

Chelladurai multi dimensional model

Answer 33

Leader is most successful when they adapt to the situation and the team

Question 34

3 factors leaders should consider (chelladurai)

Answer 34

• situation - leader - group

Question 35

Leadership style is affected by (chelladurai)

Answer 35

-actual behaviour -required behaviour -preffered behaviojr

Question 36

Required behaviour chelladurai

Answer 36

What the situation demands

Question 37

Actual behaviour chelladurai

Answer 37

What the leader does

Question 38

Preffered behaviour chelladurai

Answer 38

What the team wants