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Bacte ulit kinangina > Spirochetes > Flashcards

Spirochetes Flashcards

1
Q

Genus under Spirochetes

A
  1. Treponema
  2. Borrelia
  3. Leptospira
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2
Q

Spirochetes are ____ organisms

a. Gram positive
b. Gram negative
c. Acid fast

A

b. Gram negative

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3
Q

Motility of spirochetes

A

Corkscrew motility

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4
Q

Microscope used to visualize Treponema and Borrelia

a. Darkfield Microscope
b. Phase contrast microscope
c. Brightfield microscope
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

A

e. None of the above

Borrelia is the only genus under spirochetes that can be visualized using Bright field microscopy

Leptospira and Treponema are visualized using Dark field microscopy or Phase contrast microscopy

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5
Q

Stain used to identify Spirochetes

A

Silver stain

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6
Q

Spirochetes that multiplies by binary fission

A
  1. Borrelia
  2. Leptospira
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7
Q

Spirochetes that multiplies by transverse fission

A

Treponema

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8
Q

Blood Spirochetes

A

Borrelia

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9
Q

Tightly coiled with one (1) or both ends bent to form a hook

A

Leptospira

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10
Q

Describe appearance of Treponema spp. coils.

A
  1. Consist of 4-14 coils per organism
  2. Regularly spaced
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11
Q

This spirochetes is arthropod-borne and acquired through bites.

A

Borrelia

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12
Q

Describe appearance of Borrelia spp. coils.

A

Loosely coiled

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13
Q

Culture media used for cultivating Borrelia spp.

A

Kelly medium

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14
Q

Culture media used for cultivating Leptospira spp.

A

Fletcher’s medium

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15
Q

How is the viability of T. pallidum maintained?

A

Viability is maintained using testicular chancre or rabbits

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16
Q

T. pallidum is non-culturable in vitro.

a. True
b. False

A

a. True

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17
Q

Agent of syphilis

A

T. pallidum

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18
Q

Other terms for syphilis

A
  1. Great pox
  2. French disease
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19
Q

How is syphilis transmitted?

a. Sexually
b. Blood transfusion
c. Vertical transmission from mother to child
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

A

d. All of the above

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20
Q

How many stages does syphilis have?

A

Four (4) stages

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21
Q

Syphilis stage where there is absence of lesions or symptoms

A

Latent stage

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22
Q

Syphilis stage where the patient develops lesion in the genitalia

A

Primary stage

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23
Q

Syphilis stage where the patient develops extragenital lesions

A

Secondary stage

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24
Q

Syphilis stage where the patient develops lesion in deep organs of the body

A

Tertiary stage

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25
Q

This is the primary syphilitic lesion

A

Hard chancre / Hunterian chancre

26
Q

This is the secondary syphilitic lesion

A

Condyloma latum

27
Q

What happens during the latent stage of syphilis?

A

Absence of lesions and symptoms but positive in blood test

28
Q

This is the tertiary syphilitic lesion

29
Q

Agent of STD

A

Treponema cuniculi

30
Q

T. cuniculi is known for?

A

Venereal spirochetosis

31
Q

This Treponema spp. causes Trench mouth

A

T. vincentii

32
Q

Other term for Trench mouth

A

Vincent’s stomatitis

33
Q

What are the three (3) significant Treponema pallidum subspecies that cause non-venereal syphilis?

A
  1. T. pallidum spp. pertenue
  2. T. pallidum spp. carateum
  3. T. pallidum spp. endemicum
34
Q

Match:

  1. T. pallidum spp. carateum
  2. T. pallidum spp. pertenue
  3. T. pallidum spp. endemicum

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
c. Bejel

35
Q

What is the mode of transmission of the three subspecies of T. pallidum?

A

Direct contact with lesions

36
Q

Disease caused by the subspecies of T. pallidum is characterized by?

A

Presence of lesions in the body

37
Q

Other term for Bejel disease

A

Endemicum syphilis

38
Q

How is Borrelia detected?

A
  1. Sero test
  2. Examination of Giemsa stained smears
39
Q

Borrelia spp. that causes Lyme Disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

40
Q

Vector of Borrelia burgdorferri

A

Ixodes ticks aka Deer ticks or Black Legged ticks

41
Q

This disease is described as tick-borne relapsing fever

A

Lyme Disease

42
Q

How many stages are there in Lyme Disease?

A

Three stages

43
Q

What happens during the third stage of Lyme Disease?

A

Chronic arthritis and development neurologic abnormalities/symptoms

44
Q

What happens during the second stage of Lyme Disease?

A

Dissemination of ECM to other parts of the body

45
Q

What happens during the first stage of Lyme Disease?

A

Develops bull’s eye rash in the bite site

46
Q

Bull’s eye rash is also known as

A

Erythema Chronicum Migrans (ECM)

47
Q

Causative agent of louse-borne relapsing fever

A

B. recurrentis

48
Q

Vector(s) of B. recurrentis

A

Pediculus spp.
a. P. humanus capitis
b. P. humanus corporis

49
Q

Pediculus spp. known as head louse

A

P. humanus capitis

50
Q

Pediculus spp. known as body louse

A

P. humanus corporis

51
Q

Other agents of tick-borne relapsing fever that is transmitted by Ornithodoros ticks (soft ticks)

A
  1. Borrelia duttonii
  2. Borrelia parkeri
  3. Borrelia hermsii
52
Q

Media used for Leptospira

A

Fletcher’s media

53
Q

Hallmark of immune phase of Leptospirosis

A

Aseptic meningitis

54
Q

Serologic gold standard for Leptospirosis detection

A

Microscopic agglutination test

55
Q

What are the three tests that can be performed to detect Leptospirosis?

A
  1. Serologic Test
  2. Microscopy
  3. Culture
56
Q

Causative agent of Leptospirosis (human and animal)

A

Leptospira interrogans

57
Q

What are the two (2) phases of Leptospirosis?

A
  1. Anicteric phase
  2. Icteric phase
58
Q

This phase of leptospirosis is characterized by septicemia (high fever and headache)

A

Anicteric phase

59
Q

This phase of leptospirosis is characterized by involvement of liver and kidney

A

Icteric phase

60
Q

Specimen of choice for the 1st week of Leptospirosis infection

61
Q

Specimen of choice for the 2nd week of Leptospirosis infection

Bacte ulit kinangina (9 decks)

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