Anaerobes Flashcards
Organisms that does not require oxygen for growth
Anaerobes
What are the four (4) macroscopic exam done to identify anaerobes?
- Presence of foul odor
- Presence of blackening/black color of specimen
- Fluorescence
- Presence of sulfur granules
Three (3) anaerobes that emit foul odor
- Clostridium difficile
- Fusobacterium
- Porphyromonas
Equipment used to provide an anaerobic environment
GASPAK Jar
Indicators of GASPAK Jar
Methylene Blue or Resazurin
Component of GASPAK jar that ensures oxygen free environment
Palladium Catalyst
What happens when there’s a presence of oxygen in GASPAK jar?
The jar turns red or blue depending on the indicator that is present.
Methyl Blue (Blue)
Resazurin (Pink)
Absence of color in the GASPAK jar indicates what?
Absence of air
Common failure of GASPAK jar
Inactivation of catalyst due to repeated use
Gram negative anaerobic bacilli that produce black pigment and brick red fluorescence under UV
Porphyromonas and Prevotella
Anaerobes that produces red fluorescence that rapidly fades
Veilonella
The color of fluorescence Fusobacterium nucleatum emits
Chartreuse fluorescence (Yellow)
Three (3) anaerobes with sulfur granules
- Actinomyces,
- Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium acnes
- Eubacterium nodatum
Anaerobic organism that is microscopically with tapered ends appearing like toothpick
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Anaerobic organism with “bifid” ends/appearing like bone-shaped dog biscuit
Bifidobacterium
Anaerobic bacilli that assumes safety pin appearance
Bacteroides fragilis
Bacteroides fragilis shows resistance to which antibiotics in Potency Disk Test?
- Kanamycin
- Vancomycin
- Colistin
Bacteroides fragilis is bile tolerant.
a. True
b. False
a. True
Anaerobic bacilli that causes aspiration pneumonia
Bacteroides fragilis
Anaerobic diphtheroid
Propionibacterium spp.
This test is done for rapid detection of Cutibacterium acnes
Spot Indole Test
What is the positive result for spot indole test?
Development of blue/green color
What is the negative result for spot indole test?
Pink/orange color
The reagent used in Spot Indole Test
P-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
Match: Spot Indole Test
A. Cutibacterium acnes
B. Propionibacterium spp.
- Negative (-)
- Positive (+)
a. Pink/orange
b. Blue/green
Cutibacterium acnes - Positive - Blue/Green
Propionibacterium spp. - Negative - Pink/Red
The purpose of this test is to verify gram staining result of anaerobic bacteria
Potency Disk Test
Antibiotics used in Potency Disk Test and their concentration
- Kanamycin (1000 µg)
- Vancomycin (5 µg)
- Colistin (10 µg)
Identify the bacteria:
Result in Potency Disk Test: RRR
Bacteroides fragilis
Identify the bacteria:
Result in Potency Disk Test: SRS
- Fusobacterium
- Bacteroides ureolyticus
- Veilonella
Identify the bacteria:
Result in Potency Disk Test: SSR
Clostridium
Identify the bacteria:
Result in Potency Disk Test: RSR
- Porphyromonas
- P. anaerobius
Identify the bacteria:
Result in Potency Disk Test: RRS
Prevotella
Anticoagulant used in bacterial culture and its concentration
Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (0.25%)
Disadvantage of SPS
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius is sensitive.
How do you counteract the inhibitory property of SPS?
Add 1% gelatin
Spore-forming anaerobes that exhibit swarming on BAP
- Clostridium tetani
- Clostridium septicum
Anaerobic organism that develops colonies appearing like molar tooth
Actinomyces israelii
Actinomyces israelii affects soft tissues and can cause?
Actinomycosis of Jaw (Lumpy Jaw)
Anaerobic staphylococcus
Peptococcus niger
Anaerobic streptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
Anaerobic organism that is an important component of dental biofilm
Prevotella
Sign of growth in Thioglycolate media
Turbidity
A versatile media an often used in the lab because it can allow
growth of anaerobe, facultative anaerobes and aerobes
Thioglycolate media
Sign of growth of anaerobes on Thioglycolate media
Turbidity at the bottom of the media
Sign of growth of facultative anaerobes on Thioglycolate media
Diffused growth all throughout the media
Sign of growth of strict aerobes on Thioglycolate media
Turbidity towards the surface