Spirochatetas + Chlamydia

Question 1

Chlamydia general information

Answer 1

1. Mucous membrane
2. Persistent infection
3. Obligate IC!!!!
4. Elementry body: outside
5. Reticular body: inside , active, multiply
6. Unable to produce ATP
7. No protoglycan layer in cell wall , but speicific LPS
8. Weak resistance

Question 2

Chlamydia staining+ culture

Answer 2

Staining
1.Stamp staining: fixation>stamp fucshin> COOH>rising>malachite-green

2.Giemsa

Inculsion bodies can be seen in microscope

Culture:
LIVING CELLS 
Embryonated egg (5-7)
Tissue culture
Replication in vacuoles

Question 3

Human Pathogenic Chlamydia sp.

Answer 3

1. C. trachomatis : only Hu , Trachoma , chronic purulent conjuctivitis , lymphogranuloma venerum (GT inflammation)
2. C. Psittaci : parrot+birds ornothosis, human- influenza like symptims , occupation disease (bird keepers)
3. C. Pneumoniae: hunam pneumonia

Question 4

Chlamydia - animal pathogens

Answer 4

1. C. Pistacii: parrots , turkey , pigeon , hen, duck: ornothosis (conjuctivitis, diarrhoea , resp. Infection)
   Zoonosic
2. Abortus: eq,su,ru,goat
3. C. Felis: conjuctivitis
4. C. Pecorum: ru , artritus , pneumonia

Question 5

Spirochetes

Answer 5

1. Mucous membranes , arthropods , environment
2. Difficult stained- thin walls (Giemsa , unstained, silver impregnation)
   3.HELICAL filaments
3. Culture: Borrelia+treponema: animal trail
   Brachyspira , leptospira - can be cultured

Question 6

Treponema

Answer 6

Pathogenic sp. Cannot be stained or cultured

1. T. Pallidum: human syphilis
2. T. Paraluiscuniculi: rabbit syphilis
3. T. Denticola , T. Parvum: human oral cavity

Question 7

Borrelia

Answer 7

Rodents, arthropods , tropical countries
Periplasmic flagella
Linear chromosoma
1..B. Brugdorferi, B. Afzelii, B. Garinii: LYME disease
Eq,hu,ca
Unstaind/Giemsa
Difficult to culture
2. B. Anserina: avian borreliosis. (Vector:tick)
Stained by fruchsin , Giemsa, silver impregnation
Cultured by embryonated egg, animal trail
Weak resistance
3. B. Theileri: Ru+Eq borreliosis
4. B. Recurrentis , hispanica , caucasica : hu tick-brone relapsing fever

*Arthritis can be seen in borrilosis

Question 8

Brachyspira

Answer 8

Found in swine large intestine
Stained by Giemsa, fruchsin (or unstained)
Obligate ANAEROBIC
Blood agar (hypodis -B haemolysis, rest- weak)

1. B. Hyodysenteriae: Swine dysentery- muciod bloody diarrhea
   Survives 1w in feces, haemolysin, 9 serotypes , facultative pathogen
2. Pilosicoli: Swine intestinal sporochaetosis
3. B. Intermedia: swine spirochaeta colitis (diarrhrea)
4. B. Innocens : sarpophyte

Question 9

Leptospira (habitat , morphology, staining)

Answer 9

Water, environment , infected animals
Weak resistance, helical hooked rods
Silver impregnation/unstained , VAGO stain

Question 10

Leptospira (culture,typing, suntyping) , pathogens , serotypes

Answer 10

Aerobic conditions, wey+alkaline (favourable)
Demands; FFA, Inorganic N , F6P
Embryonated egg> Korthof medium+ rabbit serum>formation of a special ring in the tube.
21 species, 9 pathogens
7 sp.:
1. L. Ichterohaemorragiae: Main: rat, incident: dog,eq - generlized fever.
2. L. Grippotyphosa: M:mouse I:(ru+eq+Ca) cattle- Hburia, abortion
3. L. Hardjo: cattle, sheep> Ru - abortion
4. L. Sejroe: M:mouse I:cattle - abortion
5 . L. Pomona: M:pig> (Ca, rodents,ru,eq) pig, cattle : abortion, Hburia
6. Tarassovi: pig> (ca, rodents) pig: abortion
7. L. Canicola: dog(su, rodent) > dog: fever, ureamia