Fungi

Question 1

Molds

Answer 1

Branching filaments = Hyphae

Question 2

Yeasts

Answer 2

Oval cells

Question 3

Asexual spore types

Answer 3

Conidia (on conidiophores)

Sporangium ( within sporangiophores)

Question 4

Sexual

Answer 4

Zygospora, Ascospora , basidiospora ,

Question 5

Culture

Answer 5

Sabouraud agar

Question 6

5 phyla

Answer 6

Microspora
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
Blastocladiomycota
Glomeromycota

Question 7

Dermatophytes

Answer 7

RING WORM , slow griwers, obligate aerobic
1. Trichophyton: T. Mentagrophytes(Ca,hu),
T. Verrucosum (bo,hu) , T. Equinum,
2. Microsporum: M. Gypseum + M. Canis (ca,eq,hu) , M. Nanum (swine)

Question 8

Penicillium

Answer 8

Brush like condiophores

1. P. Notatum , P. Chrysogenum: penicillin
2. P. Rubrum , P. Viridicatum: produce mycotoxins
   * Rubratoxins (cattle hepatotoxicity) , orchatoxin (pig nephrotoxicity)

Question 9

Aspergillus

Answer 9

Conidia , hyphae, rapidly growing , respiratory pathogen (spore inhalation)

1. Fumigatus: lung mycosis (poultr)
2. Flavus: aflatoxin : su+bo: hepatotoxicity, carcinogen, mutagen , tetratogenic
3. Ochraceus: ochratoxin: nephrotoxicity

Question 10

Fusarium

Answer 10

1. F. Gramintearum , F. Sporotrichoides :
 Toxin T2 (su,bo,po) cytotoxicity , toxin F2 (su, Bo) osteogenic
2. F. Moniliforme: fumonisins (leukoencephalomalachia eq, pig lung edena)

Question 11

Stachubotrys

Answer 11

Black colonies , carb utilization
S. Atra: toxin: stachybotryotoxin
Eq, bo su : cytotoxicity , haemorrages , necrotic lesions.

Question 12

Imperfect yeasts

Answer 12

1.Candida:
Asexual, blastospores, pseudihyphae , septate hyphae
C. Albicans : hu,su,,po commensals mucus memb.
C. Guillermondi: cattle genital mucus membrabnes
C. Tropicalis

2.Cryptococcus:
C. neoformans: large mucopolysaccharides capsule ,mucoid colonies. mastitis , localized granuloma

3. Malassezia:
   M. Pachydermatis: bottle shaped , commensals on skin
   Ca: external otitis

Question 13

Dimorphic fungi

Answer 13

Yest = host , mold = environment
1. Histoplasma: Mediterranean
H. Farciminosum: equine epizootic lymphangitis (soil)
H. Capsulatum: hu,ca systemic mycosis

2. Sporothrix
   S. Schenckii : vegetation saprophyte, eq,hu,ca: SC granuloma
3. Coccidiodes
   C. Immitis: soil hu, eq,c: systemic mycosis
4. Blastomyces
   B. Dermatitis: hu,dog : blastomycosis