Enterobacteriaceae family

Question 1

Citrobacter

Answer 1

Gut , water
Differentiated from Salmonella by KCN +
Sarpophyte
Can join infection as secondary invader

Question 2

Proteus+ Providencia

Answer 2

Intestine , urine, water , rotting material
Swarming!
Urease +
Saprophytes

Urinary tract infections:

• Proteus Volgaris, Mirabilis , Morgani
• Providencia stuartii

Question 3

Shigella

Answer 3

Intestine, Sewage
No flagella (dif from salmonella)
Acid stable
Facultative IC

*S. Dysenteriae, Flexneri , Sonnei, boydii: hu bacillary dysentery (shigatoxins)

Question 4

Yersinia

Answer 4

Cold resistance
Encapsulated
1. Y. Pestis: bulbonic plague (black death): hu , cats , rat flea is the vector
2. Y. Pseudotuberculosis: coccoid rods, flagella (22c°)
Bipolar staning, low selective capacity media
Ru+ hu : abortion
Birds: spectaemia
3.Y. entericocolica; bile salts, Hu: GI infection
Su: resembles tuberculosis
4. Ruckeri: inactive, trout red mouth disease

Question 5

Pathogenic Salmonellae

Answer 5

(Facultative) pathogenic
Enterogastritis
1. Only Hu: S. Typhi, Paratyphi A,B,C , Sendai
2. Only animals: S. Typhisuis, Gallinarum
3. Hu-animals: S. Enteritidis , Typhimurium, Thompson
4. Abortion: Abortusequi/ovis/bovis

Question 6

Salmonella (Ag, resistance)

Answer 6

Resistance: medium- damp and shaded soil- 9 months, acid liable
Ag: Kauffmann+White system (serotype according to Ag)
O Ag (35) -cell wall
K Ag : S. Typhi - Capsule
H Ag: specific (phase 1), non-specific (phase 2) , monophasic (only spec. H ag) Diphasic (not only spec.) - Flagella

Question 7

Salmonella (taxonomy, habitat,morphology, culture)

Answer 7

• Taxonomy: 2 sp: Enterica and Bongori
  6 ssp. : Subsp. Enterica + Arizonae, 2500 serotypes
• Habitat: water, gut, food
• morphology: flagellated rof (ex. Gallinarum)
• Culture: not fastidious
  Low selective capacity: McConkey (lactose -)

Medium selective capacity: brilliant green-lactose-phenol red ,rambach agar, XLD

High selective capacity: bismuth - sulphite agar (reduction)

*Selective enrichment to isolate Salmonella from flora/low no. Of salmonella:Cysteine,bile salts

Question 8

Klebsiella

Answer 8

Respiratory+ genital tract, gut
Rod
Extensive Capsule
Large, merging mucoid colonies
Fast metabolism (fermentat all lactose, all acid-inc PH)
Lactose + , urease + , Voges-proskauer +!!!!

1. K. Pneumoniae: sarpophyte , McConcky agar,
   Facultative pathogenic: calf: bronchitis, , cow:mastitis, mare: metrits, hu: UTI , pneumonia

Question 9

Enterobacter

Answer 9

Gut , soil
Rod
Capsule
Flagella
Facultative anaerobic
Lactose + , Voges-proskauer +
Sarpophyte
Rarely respiratory infection in hu

*E. Cloacae , E. Aerogenes

Question 10

Escherichia Coli

Answer 10

Gut
Rod
Capsule
Flagella+fimbria
Facultative anaerobic
Not fastidious
Lactose + , indol +, C+
Ag: O,K(heat liable/stable), F, H
*Chromocult agar: diff. Btw coliform to E coli

E. Coli:

• Coli-diarrhoea in young animals (su,bo,lamb,eq,dog)
• Spectaemia in poultry, Ca, eq, hu
• UTI in hu
• Pathogenic strains: enteropathogenic (intimin, destroy enterocytes) enterotoxigenic (change function) , veterotoxigenic (inhibit protein synthesis)
• Hu: enteriinvasive (shigella) , enteroadhesive

Question 11

ENTEROBACTERIACEAE faminly

Habitat, morphology, culture

Answer 11

Gut , excreted with feces
Mostly saprophyte, can benefit host
Medium rods
Flagella (ex. Shigella, Klebsiella)
(Some capsuleted, fimbria)
Facultative anaerobic
1 day colony
Differentiation by lactose fermentation 

All media contain lactose,indicator and inhibitory materials

• Low selective capacity: all enterobacteria+ some G+
  i. Crystal violet+lactose+litmus
  ii. Crystal violet+ bile salts+lactose+neutral red (McConcky, inhibit swarming)
  iii. Eosin+lactose+methylne blue
• Medium selective capacity: not all enterobacteriacae
  i. Brilliant green+lactose+phenol red - Escherichia + salmonella
  ii. Deoxycholate-citrate+lactose+neutral red: shigella
• High sekective capacity: bismuth-sulphite - salmonella

Question 12

ENTEROBACTERIACEAE faminly

Antigens, resistance

Answer 12

Catalase + , oxidase -
Ag: O: cell wall, K- capsule, H-flagella (exc. Shigella, Klebsiella) , F: fimbria

Grouping:
Genus: biochemical characteristics
Species: biochemical+serological charc.
Subroups: O Ag
Serotype: O,K,H,F
Biotype: fermentation pattern

Resistance : fair, average resistance

Question 13

Serriatia

Answer 13

Soil,water
Flagella
Lower temp.
Red pigment
Very slowly lactose +
Saprophyte (pneumonia, UTI, hospital)

S. Marcescens: food contamination

Question 14

Edwardsiella

Answer 14

Intestine , water
Fastidious (vitamins, aa)

E. tarda: eel
E. Ictaluri: spectaemia , ascites (catfish)