spine Flashcards
how many of each vertebrae
C - 7 T - 12 L - 5 sacral - 5 coccygeal - 4
cervical vertebrae features
bifid spinous process
thoracic vertebrae features
heart shaped body
long sloping spinous process
lumbar vertebrae features
big kidney shaped body
short and sturdy spinous process
facet joints
synovial plane joints
between superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae
spinal nerves how many
31 pairs
8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal
where does spinal cord end
L2 - tapering end = conus medullaris
cauda equina
2 points of enlargement spinal cord
cervical: C4-T1
lumbar: t11-L1
what to meninges form distally
filum terminale
attaches to vertebral bodies of coccyx to anchor spinal cord + meninges
layes meninges
dura
arachnoid
pia matter
posterior rami
nerve fibres to synovial joints vertebral bodies, deep muscles of back and skin
smaller
anterior rami
motor and sensory
much of body
bigger
arterial supply spinal cords
anterior spinal artery
paired posterior spinal artery
branches vertebral arteries (or for pos, posteroinferior cerebellar artery)
what does epidural space contain
between wall of vertebral canal and dura matter
epudiral fat, venous plexuses,
subarachnoid space
between arachnoid and pia matter
CSF, arachnoid trabeculae, spinal arteries
atlano-axial joints
middle: pivot joint
lateral: plane joints
permit head to be moved side to side
antalo-occipital joints
nodding head
condyloid joints
preganglionic sympathetic motor fibres come from
T1-L2
dorsal is
posterior
ventral is
anterior
filum terminale is
pia matter
erector spinae
intrinsic back muscles
extension, controlled flexion, lateral flexion
spinal cord ends when for adult and kid
L1
L3
what forms cauda equina
lumbar and sacral nerves
site lumbar puncute
L3/4 or L4/5
where do dura and arachnoid matter extend to
S3
erector spinae and movements
intrinsic back muscles
extension, controlled flexion, lateral flexion
